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| Question | Answer |
| Who was Truman? | US President from 1945 to 1952 Was at the Potsdam Conference / Ordered the dropping of the A-bomb on Japan Developed the policy of 'containing' communism |
| What influenced Truman in developing his Truman Doctrine? | The USSR's 'occupation' of Eastern Europe. The Greek Civil War. Kennan's 'Long Telegram'. Truman's 'personality' US global security needs |
| What did Kennan's 'Long Telegram' say? | The USSR was heavily armed and feared the outside world. It was determined to spread communism and therefore there could be no peaceful co-existence between the USSR and the USA. However, the USA was stronger than the USSR and so communism could be ‘contained’. |
| What was the Soviet response to Kennan's telegram? | The Novikov Telegram: The Soviet ambassador to the USA, warned that the USA had emerged from World War Two economically strong and bent on world domination. As a result, the USSR needed to secure its buffer zone in Eastern Europe |
| What was the significance of these two telegrams on the 'thinking' of the USA and the USSR? | It was clear that there could be no co-existence - each superpower would need to protect its own interests as best it could |
| How did the Greek Civil War influence Truman's thinking? | It was the immediate cause for his speech. The British Government announced that, as of March 31, it would no longer provide military and economic assistance to the Greek Government in its civil war against the Greek Communist Party |
| What was Stalin's view of events in Greece? | Soviet leader Joseph Stalin had deliberately refrained from providing any support to the Greek Communists (Although the USSR were 'active' elsewhere) |
| What did Truman's Doctrine say / offer? | The United States would provide political, military and economic assistance to all democratic nations under threat from external or internal authoritarian forces. (Didn't mention communism directly) |
| How is this signifcant for US foreign Policy? | The Truman Doctrine effectively reoriented U.S. foreign policy, away from its usual stance of withdrawal from regional conflicts not directly involving the United States, to one of possible intervention in far away conflicts. (Isolation to intervention) |
| How did Truman 'justify' his Doctrine? | Truman justified his request on two grounds. He argued that a Communist victory in the Greek Civil War would endanger the political stability of Turkey, which would undermine the political stability of the Middle East |
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