Zlatan Ibrahimovic
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Mind Map on Year 9 science revision, created by Zlatan Ibrahimovic on 27/06/2014.

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Zlatan Ibrahimovic
Created by Zlatan Ibrahimovic almost 11 years ago
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didier.drogba
didier.drogba
almost 11 years ago
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Year 9 science revision

Year 9 science revisionHeatSoundLightElectricityChemistryEnergybasicskineticenergysound energythermalenergychemicalenergyelectricalenergygravitational potentialenergymoving things have kinetic energy. the heavier a thing is and the faster it moves the more kineticenergy it has. all moving things have kinetic energy, even large things, like planets, and very smallones, like atomsA vibrating drum and a plucked guitar string transfer energy to the air as sound. Kinetic energy fromthe moving air molecules transfers the sound energy to your eardrum.Thermal energy is what we call energy that comes from heat. A cup of hot tea has thermal energyin the form of kinetic energy from its particles. Some of this energy is transferred to the particles incold milk, which you pour in to make the tea cooler.Some chemical reactions release energy. For example, when an explosive goes off, chemical energystored in it is transferred to the surroundings as thermal energy, sound energy and kinetic energy.A battery transfers stored chemical energy as electrical energy in moving charges in wires. Forexample, electrical energy is transferred to the surroundings by the lamp as light energy and thermalenergy.A rock on a mountain has stored energy because of its position above the ground and the pull ofgravity. This energy is called gravitational potential energy. This is the energy it would release if it fell.As the rock falls to the ground, the gravitational potential energy is transferred as kinetic energy.conductionconvectionraditionWhen a substance is heated, its particles gain energy and vibrate more vigorously. The particlesbump into nearby particles and make them vibrate more. This passes the thermal energy throughthe substance by conduction, from the hot end to the cold end.The particles in liquids and gases can move from place to place. Convection happens when particleswith a lot of thermal energy in a liquid or gas move, and take the place of particles with less thermalenergy. Thermal energy is transferred from hot places to cold places by convection.All objects transfer thermal energy by infrared radiation. The hotter an object is, the more infraredradiation it gives off. No particles are involved in radiation, unlike conduction and convection. Thismeans that thermal energy transfer by radiation can even work in space, but conduction andconvection cannot. • Radiation is how we can feel the heat of the Sun, even though it is millions ofkilometres away in space. • Infrared cameras give images even in the dark, because they aredetecting heat, not visible light.insulators are material that does not allow heat to move through itEndothermic: it describes a process or reaction in which thesystems absorbs energy from it's surroundings in the heatExothermic: describes a process or reaction that releasesenergy from the system, usually in the form of heat, but also in aform of light, electricity or soundAcids: are corrosive substances. that means they react with solidsubstances 'eating' them awayBases: they are indicators that can be used to tell whether asubstance is an acid or a base. when reacted they produce acolor to tell if it's an acid or a baseAlpha: particles are positively charged. they cannot travel easily through materialsand can be stopped by a sheet of paper or human skin. they pose little hazard to theexternal body but can cause serious damage if breathed inBeta: are particles that are the same size and mass as electrons, they can have anegative or positive electric charge and can travel as 99%of the speed of lightGamma rays: they're not particles, but bursts of energy released after alpha or betaparticles are emitted and travel the speed of light and are highly penetratingthe structure of an atomneutrons: they have no electric charge and approximately thesame mass as protons.Protons have a positive electric chargeelectrons are negative energy particles that orbit the nucleus following pathscommonly referred to as the electron cloudTransmitted Heat: the temperature of these objects doesnot increase quickly when heat reaches them by radiationradiant heatAbsorbed heat: their temperature increase quickly when heatreaches them by radiationReflected heat: the temperature of these objects does notchange quickly when heat reaches them by radiationDouble click this nodeto edit the textClick and drag this buttonto create a new node