Parenchyma vs. Stroma

Tissue types

Tissue preparation

What does formalin do?

Hematoxylin vs. Eosin

What are special stains used for slide prep?

Layers of the cell membrane

What is responsible for the tri-laminar appearance of the cell membrane on EM?

What is the fluid-mosaic model?

What does cholesterol do?

What are the types of membrane proteins?

Pores vs. Channels

Categories of membrane proteins

What is the glycocalyx?

Types of membrane transport

What is simple diffusion?

What is facilitated diffusion?

What is the affect of membrane folding on diffusion?

What kinds of stimuli can affect facilitated diffusion

Aquaporins

What is active transport?

What is bulk (vesicular) transport?

Types of endocytosis

What is receptor-mediated endocytosis?

What is exocytosis?

What is transcytosis?

What are the two major categories of organisms?

Differences b/w prokaryotes and eukaryotes

What is protoplasm? Types?

How much of the nuclear mass is consisted of DNA?

Chromatin vs. Chromosomes

Genes

Alleles

Diploid vs. Haploid

Karyotyping

Heterochromatin

Euchromatin

What are lamp brush chromosomes?

Histones

Nucleosomes

Non-histones

Nuclear envelope

What is a nuclear pore complex?

Difference between the inner and outer nuclear membranes

Ribosomes

Mitochondria

What is porin?

What are cristae?

What is in the inner cavity of mitochondrion?

How do mitochondrion replicate?

How are mitochondrion replicated?

What is cellular respiration?

Where does cellular respiration occur?

How is most ATP produced in the cell?

What are cytochromes?

What is the endoplasmic reticulum?

Smooth vs. rough ER

What are coated vesicles?

Golgi apparatus

Cis vs Trans Golgi

How does the Golgi complex work?

What is membrane trafficking?

Lysosomes

1' lysosomes

2' lysosomes

3' lysosome

Endosomes

Peroxisomes

What are inclusions?

Intracytoplasmic pigments

Functions of cytoskeleton

3 main elements of cytoskeleton

Microfilaments

What is actin?

What is the terminal web?

Myosin

What is required for movement of myosin filaments for muscle contraction?

Intermediate filaments

Types of intermediate filaments

Microtubules

How does microtubule movement occur?

What provides microtubules with energy?

What drugs affect microtubules?

Where are microtubules found?

Axoneme

Centrioles

Function of centrioles in cell division

How does movement of chromosomes occur during cell division?

Interphase

G1 phase

What is hypertrophy?

What is hyperplasia?

S phase

G2 phase

M phase

Go phase

Phases of mitosis

What is mitotic index?

Differences in meiosis from mitosis

Second meiotic division steps

What is produced during gametogenesis?

What is the process of oogenesis?

What triggers apoptosis?

What is pyknosis?

Process of apoptosis

Erythropoeitin

Where does hemopoiesis occur?

Bone marrow

Erythropoiesis

What are Howell-Jolly bodies?

What are reticulocytes?

What is reticulocytosis?

What is megaloblastic anemia?

What is the makeup of blood?

Plasma proteins

Formed elements of blood

What is the modified Romanovsky method?

Erythrocytes

What is sickle cell anemia?

What is the lifespan of a RBC?

How can RBCs make ATP?

What happens to senescent RBCs?

Platelets

What are demarcation channels?

What is coagulation?

Process of coagulation

What stops clotting?

What is hemophilia?

Types of hemophilia

What is pseudopodia?

What is chemotaxis?

1' granules

2' granules

Neutrophils

When are neutrophils released?

How do neutrophils move?

What is the primary function of neutrophils?

What is respiratory burst?

what are Stab cells?

What is a Barr body?

Basophils

What is found in the specific granules of basophils?

Eosinophils

What is found in specific granules of eosinophils?

How do eosinophils counteract basophils?

Monocytes

What are epithelioid giant cells?

Lymphocyte

B-cells

What is clonal expansion?

T-cells

Types of T-cells

What are Null cells?

What does an increase in WBC count tell you?

What does a decrease in WBC count tell you?

What is the function of connective tissue?

What is connective tissue derived from?

W

Fibroblasts

What are myofibroblasts?

Reticular cells

Adipocytes

What is ground substance?

Collagen

Types of collagen

What is Ehlers-Danlos syndrome?

How is collagen made?

Elastic fibers

What is Marfan's syndrome?

Structural glycoproteins

What is laminin?

What is entactin?

What is tenascin?

What are GAGs?

Types of GAGs

Loose connective tissue

Dense connective tissue

Adipose tissue

What characterizes epithelial cells?

Histogenesis of epithelia

Types of epithelium

Components of basement membrane

Types of cell junctions

What is the zonula occludens?

What is a fascia occludens?

What is zonula adherens?

What is macula adherens?

What are hemidesmosomes?

What is the terminal bar?

What are connexons?

Microvilli

Stereocilia

Cilia

What happens if cilia microtubules lack dynein arms?

What type of gland is the parotid?

What type of gland is the palatal gland?

What type of glands are the sublingual and submandibular?

Endocrine vs. exocrine glands

What phase are all neurons in?

What are the three categories of supporting cells? Where are they found?