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CHAPTER 14 NEW

Question 1 of 91

1

The study, assessment, and treatment of people with psychological difficulties is known as

Select one of the following:

  • developmental psychology.

  • comparative psychology.

  • social psychology.

  • clinical psychology.

Explanation

Question 2 of 91

1

Chapman and Chapman had college students and professional clinicians study the relationship between
patients' test performances and diagnoses. They found that

Select one of the following:

  • if students or clinicians expected a particular association, they perceived it, regardless of whether the
    data was supportive.

  • students and clinicians only saw relationships that were supported by the data.

  • professional clinicians were more accurate than students in assessing relationships.

  • students and clinicians only recognized positive relationships if the actual correlations were greater
    than 0.75.

Explanation

Question 3 of 91

1

Myers suggests that clinicians may continue to have confidence in uninformative or ambiguous tests
because of human susceptibility to

Select one of the following:

  • the inoculation effect.

  • learned helplessness.

  • the representativeness heuristic.

  • illusory correlations.

Explanation

Question 4 of 91

1

Following the suicide of a friend or family member, feelings of guilt are often magnified by

Select one of the following:

  • illusory thinking.

  • the fundamental attribution error.

  • hindsight bias.

  • confirmation bias.

Explanation

Question 5 of 91

1

When psychologists were surveyed regarding intuition versus the scientific method, _______ were
more likely to value intuition.

Select one of the following:

  • clinical psychologists

  • developmental psychologists

  • social psychologists

  • educational psychologists

Explanation

Question 6 of 91

1

Rosenhan and his colleagues (1973) faked schizophrenic symptoms to infiltrate mental hospitals. Once
they had been admitted and no longer complained of any fake symptoms,

Select one of the following:

  • professional clinicians quickly distinguished them from the real patients and released them from the
    hospital.

  • the clinicians sought and found evidence in their histories and behavior to confirm their admitting
    diagnoses.

  • the pseudo-patients were ostracized by the hospital's real patients.

  • the pseudo-patients absorbed their "sick" roles and developed additional symptoms in the course of
    their treatment.

Explanation

Question 7 of 91

1

In Rosenhan's study (1973), clinicians who dealt with pseudo-patients who had faked symptoms to get
into mental hospitals demonstrated the error of

Select one of the following:

  • self-serving bias.

  • hindsight bias.

  • self-handicapping.

  • overjustification.

Explanation

Question 8 of 91

1

Luisa, a Freudian analyst, found that, without exception, her patients reported having dreams closely
related to their emotional problems. What may best explain why the dreams and problems of Luisa's
patients are so consistent with Freudian theory?

Select one of the following:

  • Freud's theory is the oldest and most comprehensive of all the theories of personality.

  • Freud's theory is more ambiguous than any other theory, and thus any problem fits into its framework.

  • The patients are perhaps induced by Luisa to give information that is consistent with her theoretical
    orientation.

  • Freudian psychotherapists are "true believers," and Luisa's report is an attempt to convert other
    therapists to her orientation.

Explanation

Question 9 of 91

1

Snyder and Swann (1984) gave interviewers some hypotheses to test concerning individuals' traits, and
found that people often tested for a trait by

Select one of the following:

  • asking those being tested for a general self-evaluation.

  • looking for information that would contradict it.

  • looking for information that would confirm it.

  • asking very specific questions to disprove it.

Explanation

Question 10 of 91

1

April is going out on a first date with Nikos, whom her best friend says is funny and fun-loving. On
the date, April asks Nikos, "What is the most fun-loving thing you've ever done?" What is the likely effect
of such questioning on Nikos?

Select one of the following:

  • He will act more fun-loving on the date than if not asked such questions.

  • He will act more reserved and shy than if not asked such questions.

  • He will resent such questions and become annoyed.

  • He will try to explain that there are times when he is not fun-loving.

Explanation

Question 11 of 91

1

Research indicates that when interviewers are instructed to test for a trait, they tend to ask questions
that show evidence of

Select one of the following:

  • the confirmation bias.

  • the illusion of control.

  • negative attributional styles.

  • illusory correlations.

Explanation

Question 12 of 91

1

When Rosenham and his research associates (1973) reported to mental hospital admissions offices
that they were "hearing voices," most were

Select one of the following:

  • diagnosed with schizophrenia and hospitalized for two to three weeks.

  • not diagnosed with a mental illness, since they were in fact normal.

  • diagnosed with schizophrenia initially but never hospitalized.

  • diagnosed with schizophrenia initially, hospitalized, but then released after testing revealed that they
    were normal.

Explanation

Question 13 of 91

1

Freudian therapists who expect to find evidence of early childhood traumas are likely to uncover such
experiences among

Select one of the following:

  • clients who are males.

  • clients who are real victims of childhood sex abuse.

  • clients who are healthy, successful adults.

  • all clients.

Explanation

Question 14 of 91

1

When researchers pit statistical prediction—such as predicting graduate school success using a
formula that includes grades and aptitude scores—against interviewers' intuitive prediction,

Select one of the following:

  • statistical prediction is usually superior to expert intuition.

  • expert intuition is usually superior to statistical intuition.

  • statistical prediction and expert intuition do equally well.

  • both methods usually fare no better than chance.

Explanation

Question 15 of 91

1

Myers suggests that we avoid the confirmation bias by

Select one of the following:

  • looking for illusory correlations.

  • carefully monitoring the information that is consistent with our ideas.

  • considering opposing ideas and then testing them.

  • discarding opposing ideas that have not been tested.

Explanation

Question 16 of 91

1

Myers points out that hindsight can

Select one of the following:

  • lead you to feel overconfident.

  • lead you to judge yourself too harshly for not having foreseen outcomes.

  • lead to both overconfidence and the tendency to judge yourself too harshly.

  • be very helpful in developing hypotheses about personality traits.

Explanation

Question 17 of 91

1

Research suggests that the prediction of someone's future academic success is best when the
prediction is based on

Select one of the following:

  • statistics.

  • the judgments of trained admissions officers.

  • statistics plus the judgments of trained admissions officers.

  • letters of recommendation.

Explanation

Question 18 of 91

1

According to the text, professional clinicians are NOT LIKELY to

Select one of the following:

  • be the victims of illusory correlation.

  • suffer from confirmation bias.

  • consider opposing ideas and test them.

  • overestimate their clinical intuition.

Explanation

Question 19 of 91

1

According to the text, an important implication of the research on illusory thinking is that

Select one of the following:

  • intuition has no legitimate place in the field of science.

  • the scientific method is the only legitimate way to answer significant human questions.

  • research psychologists must test their preconceptions before presenting them as truth.

  • conventional wisdom is almost always wrong.

Explanation

Question 20 of 91

1

Myers suggests that the pervasiveness of illusory thinking points to the need for a _______ study of
thought and behavior.

Select one of the following:

  • psychohistorical

  • literary

  • scientific

  • humanistic

Explanation

Question 21 of 91

1

Alloy and Abramson (1979) had depressed and nondepressed students observe whether pressing a
button was linked with a light blinking and found that depressed students

Select one of the following:

  • were too self-focused to complete the task.

  • were quite accurate at assessing their control.

  • exaggerated the extent of their control of the light.

  • underestimated the extent of their control of the light.

Explanation

Question 22 of 91

1

The work of Alloy and Abramson (1979) examined how depressed individuals view the extent of their
personal control over events. Their results provided evidence of the phenomenon known as

Select one of the following:

  • optimistic well-being.

  • pessimistic exaggeration.

  • depressive realism.

  • learned helplessness.

Explanation

Question 23 of 91

1

The tendency of mildly depressed people to make accurate rather than self-serving judgments is
referred to as

Select one of the following:

  • the accurate explanatory style.

  • the Barnum effect.

  • realistic pessimism.

  • depressive realism.

Explanation

Question 24 of 91

1

Yvonne, a college senior, is mildly depressed. Asked to describe herself, she notes both her positive
and negative qualities. She recalls both past successes and failures and takes personal responsibility for
both. Yvonne clearly illustrates the _______ effect.

Select one of the following:

  • rose-colored-glasses

  • sadder-but-wiser

  • head-in-the-clouds

  • feet-on-the-ground

Explanation

Question 25 of 91

1

Vanessa is a mildly depressed college student. Considering the research findings presented in the text
on depression, she probably

Select one of the following:

  • suffers from the better-than-average phenomenon.

  • assumes that her behavior is well-accepted by others.

  • demonstrates the sadder-but-wiser effect.

  • is below average in intelligence.

Explanation

Question 26 of 91

1

Compared to depressed people, non-depressed people

Select one of the following:

  • exaggerate their control of events around them.

  • have realistic perceptions of the good and bad things that the future holds.

  • readily accept responsibility for both successes and failures.

  • describe themselves with a fairly even mix of positive and negative qualities.

Explanation

Question 27 of 91

1

"Explanatory style" refers to

Select one of the following:

  • the complexity of one's persuasive arguments.

  • one's habitual way of explaining life events.

  • the pitch and speed with which one communicates.

  • whether one relies primarily on reason or emotion when debating an issue.

Explanation

Question 28 of 91

1

Explaining life events in terms of factors that are stable, global, and internal is a _______ explanatory
style.

Select one of the following:

  • negative

  • positive

  • realistic

  • repressive

Explanation

Question 29 of 91

1

Who is more likely to exhibit a negative explanatory style?

Select one of the following:

  • a teenager

  • a non-depressed person

  • an elderly person

  • a depressed person

Explanation

Question 30 of 91

1

Maxwell, a college junior, suffers from chronic depression. After learning that he has performed
poorly on his chemistry test, he is most likely to say,

Select one of the following:

  • "The test was not a fair assessment of what I actually know."

  • "My chemistry professor does not grade his tests fairly."

  • "I'm incompetent and probably always will be."

  • "I am sure most people did poorly on the test."

Explanation

Question 31 of 91

1

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or a setback illustrates the global quality of a
depressed person's explanatory style?

Select one of the following:

  • "It's my fault."

  • "It's going to last forever."

  • "It's going to affect everything I do."

  • "It's the same with everybody."

Explanation

Question 32 of 91

1

Which of the following best illustrates an internal attribution for a failure or setback?

Select one of the following:

  • "I'll never succeed."

  • "This ruins everything."

  • "It's my fault."

  • "The whole world is against me."

Explanation

Question 33 of 91

1

Which of the following does NOT belong?

Select one of the following:

  • negative explanatory style

  • external attribution

  • global attribution

  • stable attribution

Explanation

Question 34 of 91

1

Which of the following attributions regarding a failure or setback illustrates the stable quality of a
depressed person's explanatory style?

Select one of the following:

  • "It's all my fault."

  • "It's going to last forever."

  • "The whole world is against me."

  • "It's going to affect everything I do."

Explanation

Question 35 of 91

1

Compared to nondepressed people, depressed people are more likely to attribute their failures and
setbacks to causes that are

Select one of the following:

  • unstable.

  • specific.

  • internal.

  • situational.

Explanation

Question 36 of 91

1

Strack and Coyne (1983) found that depressed people were realistic in thinking that other people

Select one of the following:

  • possessed more accurate self-concepts than they did.

  • did not appreciate their behavior.

  • would welcome their friendship and trust.

  • were less influenced by fear of social disapproval than they were.

Explanation

Question 37 of 91

1

College students who have depressed roommates tend to become

Select one of the following:

  • somewhat depressed themselves.

  • more accepting of people suffering from psychological disorders.

  • more optimistic about their own lives.

  • more studious and committed to achieving academic success.

Explanation

Question 38 of 91

1

Your roommate Joel is depressed. As a result, you will tend to become

Select one of the following:

  • somewhat depressed yourself.

  • more accepting of people suffering from psychological disorders.

  • more optimistic about your own life.

  • more studious and committed to achieving academic success.

Explanation

Question 39 of 91

1

Giesler and her colleagues (1996) found that when given a choice whether to read a favorable or
unfavorable assessment of their personality, depressed and high-self-esteem people made which choice?

Select one of the following:

  • High-self-esteem individuals were more likely to choose the unfavorable assessment.

  • Depressed individuals were more likely to choose the unfavorable assessment.

  • Depressed individuals were more likely to choose the favorable assessment.

  • Both groups were about 50/50 in choosing the favorable or unfavorable assessment.

Explanation

Question 40 of 91

1

The vicious cycle of depression is usually triggered by negative experiences that lead directly to

Select one of the following:

  • self-focused rumination and self-blame.

  • depressed moods.

  • further negative experiences.

  • blaming others for the negative experiences.

Explanation

Question 41 of 91

1

According to Lewinsohn and her colleagues (1985), which of the following does NOT belong in the
vicious cycle of depression?

Select one of the following:

  • self-focus

  • self-blame

  • depressed mood

  • defensive pessimism

Explanation

Question 42 of 91

1

Which of the following explains the relationship between depression and negative thinking?

Select one of the following:

  • depressed moods cause negative thinking

  • negative thinking causes depressed moods

  • depression and negative thinking are unrelated in laboratory experiments

  • depressed moods can cause negative thinking and negative thinking can cause depressed moods.

Explanation

Question 43 of 91

1

According to Seligman (2002), near-epidemic levels of depression in America today, ironically, can
be blamed in part on the promotion of attitudes that say,

Select one of the following:

  • "Everybody needs somebody sometime."

  • "You can make it on your own."

  • "You're nobody if nobody loves you."

  • "Eat, drink, and be merry, for tomorrow we die."

Explanation

Question 44 of 91

1

According to Seligman's (2002) analysis of the attitudes that promote near-epidemic levels of
depression in America, most of us feel that, if we do not "make it" in today's world, we can blame

Select one of the following:

  • our parents.

  • the government.

  • the alienation of the modern world.

  • only ourselves.

Explanation

Question 45 of 91

1

In comparison to those in Western cultures, depressed people in Japan are more likely to report
feeling

Select one of the following:

  • guilt and self-blame over personal failure.

  • shame over letting down their family or co-workers.

  • sad about social problems such as poverty and discrimination.

  • hopeless and helpless.

Explanation

Question 46 of 91

1

Loneliness is best described as a state created by the awareness that you

Select one of the following:

  • are alone most of the time.

  • have lost a significant relationship.

  • have less numerous or meaningful social relationships than you desire.

  • are not really respected even though you have many acquaintances.

Explanation

Question 47 of 91

1

Larsen and her colleagues (1982) found that when beeped by an electronic pager at various times
during a one week period and asked to record what they were doing and how they felt, _______ were
most likely to report feeling lonely when alone.

Select one of the following:

  • adolescents

  • adults

  • women

  • men

Explanation

Question 48 of 91

1

Chronically lonely people seem to have the same _______ as chronically depressed people.

Select one of the following:

  • unrealistic vision of the future

  • need to achieve perfection

  • illusion of control

  • negative explanatory style

Explanation

Question 49 of 91

1

Chronically lonely people tend to blame _______ for their poor social relationships.

Select one of the following:

  • their parents and early childhood experiences

  • the uncaring attitudes of those presently around them

  • themselves

  • cultural patterns

Explanation

Question 50 of 91

1

Which of the following statements about lonely people is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • They perceive others in positive ways.

  • They tend to be low in self-esteem.

  • When talking with strangers, they spend more time talking about themselves and take less interest in
    the other person.

  • They self-disclose quickly.

Explanation

Question 51 of 91

1

According to the self-presentation theory, we will feel social anxiety when we are

Select one of the following:

  • motivated to impress others but doubt our ability to do so.

  • motivated and able to impress others, but they ignore us.

  • in any circumstance in which we can be observed.

  • depressed.

Explanation

Question 52 of 91

1

Which of the following theories most clearly predicts that we will feel anxious when we are motivated
to impress others but doubt our ability to do so?

Select one of the following:

  • social learning theory

  • self-presentation theory

  • self-perception theory

  • cognitive dissonance theory

Explanation

Question 53 of 91

1

According to the text, shyness is a form of _______ characterized by self-consciousness and worrying
about what others think.

Select one of the following:

  • loneliness

  • social anxiety

  • depression

  • social incompetence

Explanation

Question 54 of 91

1

Shy people tend to

Select one of the following:

  • make a good first impression.

  • depersonalize social situations.

  • become less well-liked over time.

  • be self-conscious.

Explanation

Question 55 of 91

1

According to the text, labeling oneself as shy, depressed, or under the influence of alcohol can serve
a(n) _______ function.

Select one of the following:

  • anger-reducing

  • self-handicapping

  • concurrence-seeking

  • group-identification

Explanation

Question 56 of 91

1

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women who were bombarded with loud noise and told that
it would leave them _______ were subsequently _______ when interacting with a handsome male.

Select one of the following:

  • with a pounding heart; no longer so shy

  • unaffected; no longer so shy

  • with a pounding heart; even more shy

  • unaffected; unaffected

Explanation

Question 57 of 91

1

Brodt and Zimbardo (1981) found that shy women were no longer shy when they

Select one of the following:

  • were provided an alternative explanation for their social anxiety.

  • were provided alcohol before interacting with others.

  • discovered that most people feel shy.

  • were taught to blame their failures on circumstances beyond their control.

Explanation

Question 58 of 91

1

Which of the following is an interdisciplinary field that integrates and applies behavioral and medical
knowledge about health and disease?

Select one of the following:

  • health psychology

  • behavioral medicine

  • applied psychology

  • clinical psychology

Explanation

Question 59 of 91

1

Psychology's contribution to the interdisciplinary field of behavioral medicine is

Select one of the following:

  • clinical psychology.

  • psychiatry.

  • behavioral analysis.

  • health psychology.

Explanation

Question 60 of 91

1

Dr. Jones is a psychologist who specializes in the causes and control of stress. Dr. Jones is most likely
a(n) _________ psychologist.

Select one of the following:

  • consumer

  • educational

  • forensic

  • health

Explanation

Question 61 of 91

1

According to the text as well as research evidence, premenstrual syndrome (PMS)

Select one of the following:

  • occurs in 6 out of 10 women.

  • leads to premenstrual dysphoric disorder in 3 out of 10 women.

  • has many characteristics of a socially constructed disorder.

  • is a myth perpetuated by men.

Explanation

Question 62 of 91

1

Which of the following statements is FALSE?

Select one of the following:

  • People more often seek treatment if they believe their symptoms have a physical rather than a
    psychological cause.

  • Women are more often sick.

  • Women are more likely than men to visit a physician.

  • Men use fewer prescription and nonprescription drugs.

Explanation

Question 63 of 91

1

People are more likely to use sunscreen or get an HIV test when the message is

Select one of the following:

  • framed attractively in terms of the potential gain in doing so.

  • framed negatively.

  • highly arousing.

  • framed in terms of shared goals.

Explanation

Question 64 of 91

1

Experiments that subject animals to mild but uncontrollable electric shocks have shown that such
experiences

Select one of the following:

  • directly cause diseases like cancer.

  • lower the body's resistance to disease.

  • strengthen the animals' capacity to deal with future stressors.

  • lead to the animals becoming more aggressive in interacting with members of their own species.

Explanation

Question 65 of 91

1

A growing body of evidence reveals that people who undergo highly stressful experiences become

Select one of the following:

  • more resistant to low-level illnesses like colds and flu.

  • more vulnerable to disease.

  • less self-disclosing and more socially isolated.

  • stronger and more socially skilled than less stressed people.

Explanation

Question 66 of 91

1

Research has reported that newlywed couples who become angry while discussing problems

Select one of the following:

  • experience catharsis and have better long-term relationships with their spouses.

  • are subsequently more susceptible to problems of depression and loneliness.

  • suffer more immune system suppression the next day.

  • are more prone to develop colon cancer in the subsequent six months.

Explanation

Question 67 of 91

1

A large Swedish study has found that, compared with unstressed workers, those with a history of
workplace stress

Select one of the following:

  • are better prepared to deal with stress in their family lives.

  • tend to have a more pessimistic explanatory style.

  • are at much greater risk of developing colon cancer.

  • develop stronger immune defenses.

Explanation

Question 68 of 91

1

Maggie wants advice on how to cope with the stress of a new job. She would be best advised to
approach her new job with a sense of

Select one of the following:

  • passive resignation.

  • ambition and competitiveness.

  • urgency and time-consciousness.

  • optimism.

Explanation

Question 69 of 91

1

Which of the following is NOT an example of one of the components of a pessimistic explanatory
style?

Select one of the following:

  • "This is all my fault."

  • "I've learned my lesson."

  • "This is going to ruin everything."

  • "Things are going to be terrible from now on."

Explanation

Question 70 of 91

1

Peterson and Seligman (1987) analyzed the press quotes of baseball Hall of Famers and found that
those who routinely offered pessimistic explanations for bad events, like losing big games, were more
likely to

Select one of the following:

  • earn lower salaries.

  • experience divorce.

  • play aggressively.

  • die at younger ages.

Explanation

Question 71 of 91

1

Which of the following is an example of an optimistic explanatory style?

Select one of the following:

  • "My fate is out of my hands."

  • "Human life is fragile."

  • "I usually expect the best."

  • "I rarely count on good things happening to me."

Explanation

Question 72 of 91

1

Research investigating the nature of the connection between explanatory style and health has shown
that people who routinely use the pessimistic style

Select one of the following:

  • are more likely to experience illness.

  • boost the morale of others via a contrast effect.

  • also tend to be impulsive and resistant to influence.

  • complain more but do not get sick more frequently than optimists.

Explanation

Question 73 of 91

1

According to the text, which of the following is a social-psychological principle that can be applied to
the treatment of psychological difficulties?

Select one of the following:

  • attitudes-follow-behavior

  • we are cognitive misers

  • acceptance breeds compliance

  • behavior-follows-attitudes

Explanation

Question 74 of 91

1

Which of the following is NOT a therapy that utilizes the "attitudes-follow-behavior" principle?

Select one of the following:

  • assertiveness training

  • rational-emotive therapy

  • self-help groups

  • psychoanalysis

Explanation

Question 75 of 91

1

Both assertiveness training and rational-emotive therapy are cited in the text as examples of
psychotherapeutic techniques that

Select one of the following:

  • utilize social support to change behavior.

  • utilize the attitudes-follow-behavior principle.

  • encourage changes in explanatory style.

  • use counter-conditioning strategies.

Explanation

Question 76 of 91

1

Mendonca and Brehm (1983) found that overweight children were more likely to lose weight and
keep it off after an eight-week program if they

Select one of the following:

  • felt responsible for choosing their weight-loss program.

  • were regularly monitored and penalized for breaking rules.

  • were praised and rewarded for even minor weight loss.

  • had been assigned to their "least preferred" treatment program.

Explanation

Question 77 of 91

1

Which statement is TRUE?

Select one of the following:

  • A bad marriage is often less depressing to a woman than to a man.

  • Single women are happier than married women.

  • Marital happiness predicts overall happiness more than finances

  • Finances predict overall happiness more than marital happiness.

Explanation

Question 78 of 91

1

Having shy or anxious people observe, then rehearse, then try out more assertive behaviors in real
situations is called

Select one of the following:

  • foot-in-the-door training.

  • rational-emotive therapy.

  • social skills training.

  • explanatory style therapy.

Explanation

Question 79 of 91

1

A study by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) enticed shy college men to participate in laboratory
exercises that would enhance their socially competence. The men

Select one of the following:

  • were taught specific communication skills.

  • took a short course on positive thinking.

  • delivered self-laudatory speeches to strangers.

  • had several successful conversations with women.

Explanation

Question 80 of 91

1

Research by Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) supported the notion that social skills training can
lead shy men to

Select one of the following:

  • become dependent on their therapist.

  • reduce their social anxiety.

  • concentrate on their social incompetence.

  • become more shy 6 months after treatment.

Explanation

Question 81 of 91

1

Haemmerlie and Montgomery (1986) concluded that the success of their social skills training with shy
men may have occurred because their program

Select one of the following:

  • employed skilled counselors who took responsibility for inspiring the men to feel confident and
    competent.

  • included no counseling, so the participants made internal attributions for their success.

  • protected the men from having to participate in actual conversations until they had first been
    extensively trained.

  • paved the way for conversational success by providing many external reasons for initiating
    conversation.

Explanation

Question 82 of 91

1

Maria's therapist instructed her to monitor her attributions for successes and failures. Maria is
probably participating in

Select one of the following:

  • assertiveness training.

  • explanatory style therapy.

  • stress inoculations.

  • group therapy.

Explanation

Question 83 of 91

1

Improvements achieved through changing thought or behavior patterns are most likely to endure if
people

Select one of the following:

  • redesign their behavioral contexts

  • are required to report back to their therapist on a regular basis.

  • attribute such changes to factors under their own control.

  • recognize that success depends on a power beyond themselves.

Explanation

Question 84 of 91

1

As a result of participating in a program to help her quit smoking, Anne has not had a cigarette for
three weeks. She is least likely to return to smoking if she attributes her success in quitting the habit to

Select one of the following:

  • her own motivation.

  • the therapist who helped her quit.

  • the support of her friends.

  • the unique nature of the therapeutic program.

Explanation

Question 85 of 91

1

John was recently attacked and mugged on a subway. He is less likely to experience long term stress
from the trauma if he

Select one of the following:

  • forgets about it.

  • talks about it with a friend.

  • sees a doctor immediately.

  • blocks it from his thoughts.

Explanation

Question 86 of 91

1

According to research conducted by Cacioppo and her colleagues (2002), the relationship between
loneliness and health risks is

Select one of the following:

  • positive.

  • negative.

  • neutral.

  • curvilinear.

Explanation

Question 87 of 91

1

A common conclusion reached by several studies involving thousands of people is that

Select one of the following:

  • close relationships predict health.

  • close relationships promote stress and some forms of illness.

  • family relationships are unrelated to health.

  • physical health is not linked to social support.

Explanation

Question 88 of 91

1

The negative correlation between poverty and health is likely caused by all of the following factors
EXCEPT

Select one of the following:

  • reduced material possessions.

  • increased stress.

  • reduced health care.

  • unhealthy lifestyle.

Explanation

Question 89 of 91

1

Women who had been sexually abused reported more health problems especially if they had

Select one of the following:

  • not seen a therapist.

  • kept their abuse secret.

  • not confronted their abuser

  • confronted their abuser.

Explanation

Question 90 of 91

1

Which of the following is the best predictor of overall happiness?

Select one of the following:

  • a satisfying job

  • satisfaction with finances

  • satisfaction with one's community

  • satisfaction with marriage

Explanation

Question 91 of 91

1

According to the text, marriage enhances happiness for which of the following reasons?

Select one of the following:

  • It provides regular sex to both partners.

  • It provides financial security.

  • It provides multiple roles (e.g., spouse, parent) that can contribute to self-esteem.

  • It provides companionship.

Explanation

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