Species

Llama
- More likely to be multicoloured
- Sheer when needed
- Fleece coarse in comparison
Alpaca
- Suri
  - Silky fine wool
  - More difficult to process fleece
  - Sheer every 1-2 years
- Huacaya
  - Easier to process fleece
  - Sheer every year
- More likely to be one colour
Vicuna
- Wild
- Sheered every couple of year
Guanaco

Fleece

Purpose

vocalisation

Agression?

Restraint

A few together
Neck grip
- One arm
- High up neck
- Reasonably firm
- Aplaca - other hand on withers
  - Stops jumping
- Llama - other hand on rails
  - Stops jumping
- Wide stance
- Balance
- Knees in side
Bracelet grip
- One hand under chin
- One on back of neck
- Good for moving if no halter
Breath neck to them
- Predator holds breath before attack
Small area

Halter fit

Training only takes 3 sessions usually
Nose band v high up
- Obligate nasal breathers
- Not on cartilage - struggle to breathe
- Media camus

Dont surpass stress threshold

Pouting

Fights

Terminology

Body features

Leather pad
- Walk on
Ungulates
- P3 + P2
Nail requires trimming
- 1-4 times a year
- Level to leathery pad
- Most owners do this themselves
Metatarsal glands
- Look like chestnut on horse
- Hind legs
No upper incisors
First canine = 4th incisor
Fighting teeth
- All adult entire males
- Some females + castrated males
- Trim back ?
  - Some owners request
  - Grow back blunter
  - Cut just above gum line
Teeth
- Raised ridges
- Dont trim too flat

Stomach

Intestine

Double helix colon
- 1st loop diameter reduced from 5 cm to 1.5 cm
- Impaction
  - Present with mild colic

Liver

Faecal pellets

Nutrition

Selective feeding
Digest fibrous foods more efficiently
- Inc C1 retention
- Inc C1 volume
- Efficient urea recycling
Appetite
- Alpaca 1.8% BW
- Llama 2% BW
- Problems in lactating / heavily pregnant females
Energy
- Maintenance
  - Alpaca - 7.5 MJ
  - Llama - 13.5 MJ
- Activity
  - Low 1.25x
  - Medium 1.5x
  - High 1.75x
- Additional
  - Pregnancy + lactation
    - Last 3 month of gestation
    - 11 month pregnancy
  - Alpaca
    - 2
    - 4
    - 6
    - Lact >4
  - Lamma
    - 3
    - 6
    - 9
    - Lact >6.5
- Metabolisable
  - Largely extrapolated from other species
  - Preg 13
  - Milk 60
  - Main70
  - Growth50
Protein
- Maintenance - 10%
- Active male/ pregnant female -12
- Growth - 12-16
- Lactation - 14
Fibre
- 25% DM
Concentrates
- Introduce slowly over 14 weeks
- Max 30%
Vitamin D
- Deficiency
- Rickets regularly seen
  - Dark fleec
- Supplement in winter
- Paste
  - 2 weeks
- Injection
  - 6 weeks
  - Have to import
  - Less used
- Female due to give birth feb/march
Zinc
- Rare deficiency
- Benefit in less skin problems with non
Overweight
- Unnecessary supplements
- Carrot and apple instead of concentrates
BCS
- Hard to see because of fleece
- 2-3
- If lost 1 - vet in week
- if lost 2 - vet soon

	Created by Alice Butterworth over 8 years ago

Vet Med 1 (AH) Note on Camelids, created by Alice Butterworth on 30/04/2018.