Agriculture requires the clearing of land for food production. Areas of farming are often closed off, interfering with the animals in the ecosystem. Pesticides and fertilisers can kill local species and affect local rivers, which in turn affects other ecosystems. The mechanisation of farming also has a huge impact on ecosystems.

The fishing industry degrades marine ecosystems. Pressure is put on supplies of resources through overfishing. It is important to care for marine ecosystems due to the high amount of value they provide; oil and natural gas, sand for construction, seafood, ports, and recreation.

Harnessing energy from wind farms, while significantly better than the use of fossil fuels, can damage local ecosystems. Spinning turbines can kill birds and bats and building turbines requires the clearing of vegetation. Noise pollution may also drive away certain species.

Ecosystems in the UK