Anatomy of Cranial Nerves: Clinical Testing

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The part of the cranial nerve course is the part between the point of connection with the CNS and that nerve's respective foramen in the base of the skull.

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The cranial foramina of the olfactory nerve is the plate of the bone

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Which cranial nerve is the only nerve in the body to have direct contact with the outside world?

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The cranial foramina of the optic nerve is called the ...

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In order to test a patient's visual acuity (optic nerve), they should be asked to read out a series of letters on a chart

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Testing the optic nerve's sensitivity to colour in clinic should be achieved by using ...

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Where is the connection of the Oculomotor nerve to the CNS?

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The cranial foramina of the oculomotor nerve is called the

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Using a light to check for pupillary constriction is testing which aspect of the oculomotor nerve?

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The oculomotor nerve innervates all extraocular muscles apart from ...

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Which of the following cranial nerves pass through the superior orbital fissure?

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Cranial nerves III, IV & VI can all be done by asking a patient to do the 'H test', whereby they move their eye as if to draw the letter H. This tests all 6 extraocular muscles.
Which extraocular muscle is associated with...
The Trochlear nerve:
The Abducens nerve:

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Which cranial nerves pass through the internal acoustic meatus?

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The nerve is tested clinically by means of Rinnie & Weber Tests.
(give name of nerve, not number)

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The spinal accessory nerve only innervates muscles of the fascia. This fascia comprises two muscles, the and the .
(give in alphabetical order)

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In terms of the spinal accessory nerve, which clinical action would best test the functionality of the trapezius?

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In terms of the spinal accessory nerve, which action would best test the functionality of the sternocleidomastoid?

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The hypoglossal nerve leaves the cranial vault via the canal

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How is the hypoglossal nerve clinically tested?

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Which of the tongue muscles is not innervated by the hypoglossal nerve?

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Upon clinical testing of the Hypoglossal nerves, a unilateral nerve pathology would result in the tongue tip pointing towards the side of the injured nerve.

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All of the Trigeminal branches have sensory fibres. Which of the three also has motor fibres?

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Which Trigeminal nerve branch leaves by which cranial foramina?
The Superior Orbital Fissure: ❌
The Foramen Rotundum: ❌
The Foramen Ovale: ❌

Ophthalmic Division (CNV1)

Maxillary Division (CNV2)

Mandibular Division (CNV3)

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The motor aspect of CNV3 innervates the muscles of mastication. Label them on the diagram below (forget about the black lines)

Temporalis

Masseter

Medial Pterygoid

Lateral Pterygoid

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Which of the muscles of mastication facilitates the opening of the jaw?

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The motor fibres of CNV3 also innervate a muscle of the middle ear, called the

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In terms of its cranial foramen, the facial nerve enters via the internal acoustic meatus but actually leaves the cranial vault vai the foramen

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Which cranial nerve innervates the stapedius (smallest skeletal muscle in the body)?

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Which cranial nerve can be tested by the following actions:
- Raise eyebrows
- Close eyes tightly
- Smile
- Puff out cheeks and hold air

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The Glossopharyngeal nerve, Vagus nerve and Spinal Accessory nerve all leave the cranial vault via the foramen

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Which cranial nerve is testable by eliciting the gag reflex?

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The Vagus nerve descends in the body as part of the sheath.

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The left recurrent laryngeal nerve curves under the ❌
The right recurrent laryngeal nerve curves under the ❌

arch of the aorta

right subclavian artery

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One method of testing the Vagus nerve is by asking the patient to open their mouth and say 'ahhhhh'. A normal test owuld see the uvula lift straight up in the midline.
In the case of a unilateral vagus nerve insult, would the uvula move towards or away from the non-functioning side?

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Which 2 of the following tests would also successfully test the functionality of the vagus nerve?

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Which division of CNV is the only division to be both Sensory and Motor?

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Which muscle of the inner ear is supplied by the mandibular nerve (CNV3)?

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Anatomy of Cranial Nerves: Clinical Testing given by Luke Reid on 29/08/2018