Through a conversation between Ralph and Piggy, we learn of the background to the story. War has broken out and, while being transported to safety, a plane crashes leaving a group of schoolboys marooned on a desert island somewhere in the Pacific.

Ralph goes swimming and discovers a huge conch. Upon Piggy's suggestion, Ralph uses the conch as a horn which summons all the stranded schoolboys. They discuss their situation and agree to form a government. Ralph is elected leader, much to the annoyance of Jack - leader of the choirboys. Ralph suggests Jack be made leader of a hunting party, composed mainly of his allies, which appeases him.

Plans are made to explore the island. They have no assurance of rescue and must take responsibility for themselves. Simon, another older boy (Bigun) feels compelled to look after the needs of the younger boys (littleuns).

Piggy, who wished his nickname not to follow him, is agreived to find that it has. Jack, who carries the only hunting knife leads the exploration party. On their way, the come across a wild boar which he tries to kill. Surprised by the animal's survival insticts, Jack fails. He vows not to do so the next time.