Epicurus (3rd Century Greece)

Determinism

Hard determinism

Causal determinism

Reductionism

Spinoza

Simon-Pierre Laplace

Scientific determinism

Criticism of scientific determinism

Laws of nature are probabilistic

Criticism of scientific determinism

Is the quantum world indeterminate?

Psychological determinism

B.F. Skinner

Ivan Pavlov

Criticism of Skinner's psychological determinism

Theological determinism

Criticism of theological determinism

Timeless God

Criticism of theological determinism

A Temporal God

Libertarianism

Moderate libertarianism

Strengths of libertarianism

We feel free

Incompatibilism

Compatibilism

David Hume

David Hume's logical necessity

David Hume's constant conjunction