Exam 7 - Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Systems

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A dislocation is a

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A subluxation is a misalignment of two bones in a joint; partial dislocation

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A crepitation is

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How would a nurse document normal strength?

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On assessment, a nurse observes that the patient has active movement, but cannot resist gravity, how will she document muscle strength?

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How would a nurse document that a patient has no strength/is paralysed?

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On assessment, a nurse observes that the patient has active movement against gravity, but has no movement against resistance, how will the nurse document the patient's strength?

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A nurse asks a patient to raise his arm in order to test strength, the nurse sees that the patient is trying but can only get his arm to slightly contract, how will the nurse document the patient's strength?

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is the inward curvature of the lumbar spine. is the outward curvature of the upper spine.

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❌ is mostly commonly seen in pregnant women. ❌ is common in elderly women.

Lordosis

Kyphosis

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The is a test for posture. It is useful in identifying lordosis and kyphosis, but is not helpful in identifying scoliosis.

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To test for ( cranial nerve XI, cranial nerve X, cranial nerve VII, cranial nerve VI ), we ask the patient to turn their head against resistance.

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When testing muscle strength of the shoulders, we ask patients to , which tests the nerve, and against resistance.

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If a patient has a rotator cuff injury, they cannot .

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During the , the patient holds their hands in forced flexion for 60 seconds.

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A positive Phalen test is when a patient has parasthesias after holding their hands in forced flexion for 60 seconds

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A negative Tinel's sign is when a patient has parasthesias when the median nerve is percussed

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Pain with a straight leg raise from the supine position indicates a ( herniated disk, sciatica, appendicitis )

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A is a sign of limited ROM in the knee

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❌ leg length is measured from the anterior iliac spine to the medial malleolus. ❌ leg length is measured from the ❌ to the medial malleolus.

umbilicus

epigastrium

pubis

True

Real

Apparent

False

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The ❌ confirms the presence of small amounts of fluid. The ❌ confirms the presence of larger amount of fluid.

bulge sign

ballottement of the patella

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"Use your left hand to compress the suprapatellar pouch to move any fluid into the knee joint. With your right hand push the patella sharply against the femur." This is a description of which test?

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In a rotator cuff injury, the only thing that will be normal is abduction

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Infants have what type of shape to their spine?

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In an , the infants legs are abducted. In , the infants feet are flat on the table with the knees flexed.

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In a negative Ortolani sign, when the infant's legs are abducted, you will hear a clicking noise and the infant will cry of pain.

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In a positive Allis maneuver, one knee is significantly lower than the other.

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❌ (genu varum) is when the toddler's knees are apart. ❌ (genu valgum) is when the toddler's knees are together.

Bowlegged stance

Knock knees

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During the get up and go test, if a healthy adult over the age of 60 can manage to rise from a chair, walk 10 feet, walk back and sit down under 10 second,s then they pass the test

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The following are normal MSK changes associated with older adults:

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To assess for in an infant, we test their reflexes

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In pregnant women, relaxes ligaments, which leads to joint

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The 6 P's of a quick and accurate CMS check are

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A patient with a herniated or slipped disk will have...

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If a nurse suspects a patient to have a slipped or herniated disk, which test will she perform?

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Osteoporosis is a normal part of aging

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Osteoporosis is caused by:

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is the loss of bone density. is an autoimmune disease. is the degenerative changes in articular cartilage.

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A patient with rheumatoid arthritis will have the following symptoms:

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A nurse will observe Heberden's nodes in the IP joints and Bouchard's nodes in the IP joints in a patient with .

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Gout is the result of increased in serum levels

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are round, pea-like deposits of uric acid in ear cartilage, subcutaneous tissue, or other joints. Seen in gout patients.

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A patient is considered to be comatose if their GCS is

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The GCS categories are

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positioning is when the patient flexes in response to pain. positioning is when the patient extends in response to pain.

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Unilateral anosmia is the result of which CN nerve dysfunction

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Poor vision and visual field loss is the result of which CN dysfunction

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Absense of PERRLA can occur with dysfunction of which cranial nerves

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Ptosis is the result of which CN dysfunction

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Facial asymmetry is the result of which CN dysfunction

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The Diagnostic Positions Test is used to test which CN?

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Nystagmus is a cranial nerve issue

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To check for nystagmus, a nurse would check CN III, IV, and VI using the Diagnostic Positions Test

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To check a patient's motor function, we use the heel to toe test, also known as , and the , where the patient stands with feet together, arms at their sides, with eyes closed for 20 seconds.

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Ataxia is

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The following are abnormal findings of muscle tone

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Muscle tone is tested by using

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refers to muscle weakness. refers to loss of function in muscle.

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Rapid alternating movements (RAM) test function.

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Dysdiadochokinesia (DDK) is the inability to perform

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is overshoot or tremors during the finger to finger or finger to nose test

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The heel to shin test is used to test

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The is used to check for diabetic (peripheral) neuropathy

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During the , a nurse will use a special strand of fiber and touch the patient's foot in 10 different areas.

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is the ability to identify objects with closed eyes. is the ability to identify the number drawn on the hand.

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To test for , a nurse will ask the patient to close their eyes, place an object in their hand, and ask them to identify the object.

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To test for , a nurse will ask a patient to close their eyes, she will draw a number 5 on their hand, and ask the patient to identify what she drew.

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When testing two-point discrimination on a patient's fingertip, at what distance between the two points will the nurse expect the patient to state they feel a single point?

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When testing two-point discrimination on a patient's arm, at what distance between the two points will the nurse expect the patient to state they feel a single point?

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When testing two-point discrimination on a patient's finger, the patient reports they feel only one point at 15mm, what is the likely cause?

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When testing the bicep deep tendon reflex (DTR), the nurse expects to see

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When testing the tricep deep tendon reflex (DTR), the nurse expects to see

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When testing the brachioradialis deep tendon reflex (DTR), the nurse expects to see

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When testing the patellar deep tendon reflex (DTR), the nurse expects to see

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When testing the achilles deep tendon reflex (DTR), the nurse expects to see

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Hyporeflexia is caused by a lesion in the and indicated problem with the nervous system

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Hyperreflexia is caused by a lesion in the and indicates a problem with the nervous system

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When checking DTRs, a nurse elicits a normal, brisk reflex, how will she document it?

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When checking DTRs, an experienced nurse cannot elicit a reflex, how will she document it?

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A new nurse is struggling to elicit a reflex when checking DTRs. She is sure that the patient does not have hyporeflexia based on the patient's assessment so far. She asks a more experienced nurse for help and is told that she should try in order to relax the muscles.

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When testing the plantar reflex in a healthy adult, the nurse expects toe curling

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A positive Babinski sign is normal in babies up to 24 months

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During a neuro recheck, the nurse will assesss

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Neuro rechecks are done to assess for increased . The nurse will check for to look for hemiparesis. She will also check the pupils to evaluate for . The nurse will also check the patient's HR to evaluate for , and BP to evaluate for a pulse pressure.

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In infants, if a reflex does not appear at the expected age or does not resolve at an expected age, that is a sign of CNS damage

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An infant's rooting reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's sucking reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's palmar grasp reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's plantar grasp reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's Babinski reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's startle reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's tonic neck reflex is visible during which time period?

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An infant's placing and stepping reflex is visible during which time period?

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A nurse would expect to see the following neurologic changes in an older adult:

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A nurse would expect to see the following in a patient with Parkinson's disease

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A nurse would expect to see the following in a patient who is having a stroke

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A neurologic exam is for patients who appear well and have no significant subjective findings from the history. A neurologic exam is for patients who have neurologic concerns or history of neurologic dysfunction.

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A complete neurologic exam includes testing the following:

Quiz on Exam 7 - Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Systems, created by Tamara Podnosova on 26/05/2019.

Exam 7 - Musculoskeletal and Neurologic Systems

Label the picture

Label the picture

Label the picture

Label the picture

Label the picture

A dislocation is a

A subluxation is a misalignment of two bones in a joint; partial dislocation

A crepitation is

How would a nurse document normal strength?

On assessment, a nurse observes that the patient has active movement, but cannot resist gravity, how will she document muscle strength?

How would a nurse document that a patient has no strength/is paralysed?

On assessment, a nurse observes that the patient has active movement against gravity, but has no movement against resistance, how will the nurse document the patient's strength?

A nurse asks a patient to raise his arm in order to test strength, the nurse sees that the patient is trying but can only get his arm to slightly contract, how will the nurse document the patient's strength?

is the inward curvature of the lumbar spine. is the outward curvature of the upper spine.

❌ is mostly commonly seen in pregnant women. ❌ is common in elderly women.

The is a test for posture. It is useful in identifying lordosis and kyphosis, but is not helpful in identifying scoliosis.

To test for cranial nerve XI cranial nerve X cranial nerve VII cranial nerve VI( cranial nerve XI, cranial nerve X, cranial nerve VII, cranial nerve VI ), we ask the patient to turn their head against resistance.

When testing muscle strength of the shoulders, we ask patients to , which tests the nerve, and against resistance.

If a patient has a rotator cuff injury, they cannot .

To test for ( cranial nerve XI, cranial nerve X, cranial nerve VII, cranial nerve VI ), we ask the patient to turn their head against resistance.

Pain with a straight leg raise from the supine position indicates a ( herniated disk, sciatica, appendicitis )