the foreign chemical markers on the surface of pathogens are called antigens.

Antigens are how we identify a pathogen as foreign.

Antigens are proteins or glycoproteins .

Antigens are specific to the organism.

Opsonins are proteins.

opsonins attach to the antigens on the surface of the pathogen.

opsonins are a type of antibody.

opsonins aren't all specific.

opsonins allow the phagocytic cells bind and engulf the pathogen.

the most common phagocytes are called neutrophils

neutrophils have a multi-lobed nucleus

neutrophils are manufactured in the bone marrow

neutrophils can be found traveling in the blood and in the tissue fluid

neutrophils are short lived but released in large numbers

neutrophils contain a large number of lysosomes

dead neutrophils can collect in an area of infection causing pus

macrophages are larger than neutrophils

macrophages are manufactured in the bone marrow

macrophages travel in the blood as monocytes

monocytes mature in the lymph nodes forming macrophages

macrophages engulf pathogens but save their antigen and put it on their cell surface

after becoming the antigen presenting cell it travels in the blood spreading the recognition of a threat

APCs have a special protein complex that ensures they don't get mistaken for a foreign cell

	Created by Kayla Gent about 6 years ago

Secondary non specific defences

4.1.5