Dillon E
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NCE Quiz on Human Growth & Development, created by Dillon E on 14/02/2020.

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Human Growth & Development

Question 1 of 35

1

A developmental theorist believes that children form personal attachments in phases. This person is:

Select one of the following:

  • James Marcia

  • Jane Ainsworth

  • Arnold Gesell

  • Lev Vygotsky

Explanation

Question 2 of 35

1

A researcher studies a group of gifted children from age 10 through their 21st birthday. Their growth rates in height and weight are recorded yearly along with individual scores on various intelligence, aptitude, and achievement tests. What type of research is appropriate?

Select one of the following:

  • longitudinal

  • survey

  • naturalistic

  • correlational

Explanation

Question 3 of 35

1

Bruner devised a stage theory of language development. Which stage suggests that a child will imagine pictures to represent something?

Select one of the following:

  • symbolic

  • enactive

  • iconic

  • equilibration

Explanation

Question 4 of 35

1

Piaget found nativism and empiricism incomplete and therefore created constructivism. Constructivism is:

Select one of the following:

  • when concepts are not acquired through exposure but inborn.

  • when concepts are acquired through exposure.

  • a world view of regularity and structure.

  • world exposure and activities that cause precursors to more fully developed ideas.

Explanation

Question 5 of 35

1

Personality traits are enduring patterns of perceiving, relating to, and thinking about the environment and oneself and displayed in social and personal contexts. When personality traits become inflexible and maladaptive, there are impairments and distress with inner experiences and behavior. The DSM-5 uses which approach to explain the qualitatively distinct clinical syndromes that differ from normal personality development?

Select one of the following:

  • categorical

  • dimensional

  • symmetrical

  • systemic

Explanation

Question 6 of 35

1

The personality disorders grouped into three clusters are based upon:

Select one of the following:

  • maladaptive variants.

  • descriptive similarities.

  • percentage of frequency of occurrence in society.

  • alphabetical order.

Explanation

Question 7 of 35

1

According to Erik Erikson, the conflict between industry vs. inferiority takes place at about what age?

Select one of the following:

  • retirement age

  • elementary-school age

  • young adulthood

  • adolescence

  • middle age

Explanation

Question 8 of 35

1

The term that applies to the taking of two drugs in combination and has a magnified effect is:

Select one of the following:

  • synergistic effect.

  • persistent depressive disorder.

  • polydrug interaction.

  • tolerance.

Explanation

Question 9 of 35

1

A client in treatment for polydrug use and anger management broke a house rule and was informed by the clinical manager he was expelled from the program. He told the manager he misbehaved because of his temper and cannot control his anger. The term for this behavior is:

Select one of the following:

  • alloplastic.

  • scapegoating.

  • Kitty Genovese syndrome.

  • diffusion.

Explanation

Question 10 of 35

1

Marlatt advocated for harm reduction as a method or treatment for addiction that endorses all of the following principles except:

Select one of the following:

  • managing one’s daily functioning versus moralistic idealism.

  • alternative to moral/criminal and disease models.

  • holding the same level of consumption but not to increase.

  • meeting the individual where he or she is.

Explanation

Question 11 of 35

1

Wellness over the lifespan includes a well thought out plan for optimal development. Most plans include physical, mental, nutrition, spirituality, self-care, leisure and several other components. Literature support for exercise suggests some advantages. All are considered exercise benefits except:

Select one of the following:

  • essential in preventing disease

  • the key ingredient to healthy aging

  • increases strength and confidence

  • little effect on self-esteem

Explanation

Question 12 of 35

1

During an intake assessment, a client indicates that she is in an abusive relationship with her husband. The most appropriate therapy for this client is:

Select one of the following:

  • individual therapy.

  • group therapy.

  • a battered wives support group.

  • to refer to a battered women’s shelter.

Explanation

Question 13 of 35

1

Vygotsky did not use the term developmental crises. It was his belief a crisis in intellect took place when which one of the following existed in the early life of the child?

Select one of the following:

  • speech and practical activity did not merge

  • intellect and physical development were not commensurate

  • nutrition was less than adequate

  • social engagements with other playmates were non-existent.

Explanation

Question 14 of 35

1

Neurological development differs because of deficits in personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning in the form of very specific limitations of learning to global impairments in social skills or intelligence. Developmentally, these limitations typically occur:

Select one of the following:

  • before a child enters school.

  • between entering school and early adolescents.

  • teenage years.

  • early adulthood

Explanation

Question 15 of 35

1

A counselor, who has been counseling a family for eight sessions during supervision received feedback from his/her supervisor that he or she is experiencing boundary naiveté issues. The supervisor is suggesting that the counselor is:

Select one of the following:

  • lacking cognitive knowledge.

  • lacking affective awareness.

  • experiencing a social deficit and maybe a knowledge deficit.

  • experiencing impulse control issues.

Explanation

Question 16 of 35

1

According to Erikson’s psychosocial stages by what age does a child begin investigating various roles, for example, playing house or pretending to be a fireman?

Select one of the following:

  • birth to 2 years

  • age 3-5

  • age 6-11

  • age 12-18

Explanation

Question 17 of 35

1

According to Kohlberg, most adults operate at what moral level?

Select one of the following:

  • Preconventional

  • Conventional

  • Postconventional

  • Exconventional

Explanation

Question 18 of 35

1

John works for an environmental agency and lobbies for recycling. He believes recycling is good for the environment and encourages others to recycle, yet at home, John does not recycle his aluminum cans or newspapers. Which of the stages of valuing has John not applied in his life?

Select one of the following:

  • choosing

  • choosing freely

  • acting

  • prizing

Explanation

Question 19 of 35

1

A counselor trained in the ethological theory and attachment theory is conducting counseling with an adolescent male who was referred by his high school counselor. The youth indicates he is confused by his feelings for his father, who is a traveling consultant and frequently away from home. He misses his father, wants him to be at home (return from his trips), and yet has feelings of anger when he does come home. He finds that he develops reasons to be away from the home when he knows his father is returning. While away he feels a gnawing desire to be there for his father’s return. The counselor would identify this as which one of Ainsworth’s attachment patterns?

Select one of the following:

  • anxious/ambivalent

  • secure

  • avoidant

  • strange situation

Explanation

Question 20 of 35

1

John’s parents are trying to teach him to pick up his toys. They decide first to reward him when he walks near the pile of toys. This is an example of?

Select one of the following:

  • modeling.

  • self-management.

  • negative reinforcement.

  • shaping.

Explanation

Question 21 of 35

1

An employee is congratulated twice in one week by his boss but is not congratulated again for a month. Which one of the following reinforcement schedules does this follow?

Select one of the following:

  • variable-ratio

  • fixed-interval

  • variable-interval

  • fixed-ratio

Explanation

Question 22 of 35

1

A person is afraid to receive a flu shot because it is painful. She is also fearful of getting the flu. Which of Dollard and Miller’s conflicts is she facing?

Select one of the following:

  • approach-approach

  • avoidance-avoidance

  • annoyance-avoidance

  • approach-avoidance

Explanation

Question 23 of 35

1

If modeling were used to teach adolescents how to say “no” to drugs, which would make the most useful model?

Select one of the following:

  • teacher

  • coach who the children all respect

  • teenager who uses drugs

  • older teenager who does not use drugs

Explanation

Question 24 of 35

1

A couple has been referred to the school counselor because their first-grade boy has some imaginary friends. Their friends implied that the boy may be developmentally delayed. They have a son about the same age who gave this up some time ago. They thought the couple should check for autism spectrum because the child tells others that he has friends, gives them names and that he sees them at night in his dreams. The counselor asked the couple for more child activity information which appeared to be normal for his age. The counselor decides the child is about to emerge into which of Piaget’s stages?

Select one of the following:

  • Sensory

  • Preoperational

  • Concrete Operational

  • Formal Operational

Explanation

Question 25 of 35

1

In which of Piaget’s stages of development does the child achieve object permanency?

Select one of the following:

  • Sensorimotor

  • Preoperational

  • Concrete Operational

  • Formal Operational

Explanation

Question 26 of 35

1

At which of Piaget’s developmental stages does the child understand conservation?

Select one of the following:

  • Sensorimotor

  • Preoperational

  • Concrete Operational

  • Formal Operational

Explanation

Question 27 of 35

1

A classroom teacher requested the school counselor to test a second-grade child to determine if the child is academically developmentally delayed, normal development, and academically advanced. The counselor indicated he lacked training for a comprehensive assessment but would test to determine if a referral was appropriate. The counselor asked the child, as one part of several short test items, to name the number next from the following: 21, 23, 26, 30, ____. The counselor was testing for which one of Piaget’s concepts?

Select one of the following:

  • conservation

  • seriation

  • centration

  • number

Explanation

Question 28 of 35

1

According to Vygotsky the primary tool to progress developmentally is:

Select one of the following:

  • physical activity

  • speech

  • social engagements

  • zone of proximal distancing

Explanation

Question 29 of 35

1

Which one of two concepts does Vygotsky consider important as the guiding process in development from dependent to independent learning?

Select one of the following:

  • modeling

  • practice

  • centration

  • control

Explanation

Question 30 of 35

1

What do problem-solvers do after they have found a solution to a problem? They:

Select one of the following:

  • verify the solution.

  • put the problem out of their minds.

  • create alternative solutions.

  • reward them.

Explanation

Question 31 of 35

1

A counselor is helping a client to avoid negative self-talk. Each time the client says something negative about himself, the counselor yells, “STOP.” Which technique is the counselor putting to use?

Select one of the following:

  • cognitive restructuring

  • reframing

  • thought-stop

  • cognitive modeling

Explanation

Question 32 of 35

1

The treatment of choice for substance use addiction is:

Select one of the following:

  • peer counseling and support groups.

  • a 12-step program such as AA.

  • family and individual therapy simultaneously.

  • to wait until a support system is developed.

Explanation

Question 33 of 35

1

What treatment would be recommended if a counselor was practicing harm reduction with a client experiencing an alcohol use disorder?

Select one of the following:

  • Adlerian and supportive therapy

  • CBT and Solution-focused

  • Psychodynamic and Object Relations

  • Person-centered and Reality Choice theory

Explanation

Question 34 of 35

1

Biofeedback and neuroscience feedback have identified a relationship that exists between biological and psychological functioning and can be measured. Two relationships that can be measured are?

Select one of the following:

  • anger and confrontation

  • rescuing and empowerment

  • attending skills and empathy

  • frustration and fear

Explanation

Question 35 of 35

1

The General Adaptation Syndrome was developed by:

Select one of the following:

  • Seligman.

  • Selye.

  • Simpkin.

  • Holmes and Rahe.

Explanation

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