Forensics Final MCQs 2- 5th Year PMU

Question 1 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

Select one of the following:

The presence of petechial haemorrhages does not automatically point to asphyxia as a cause of death
The presence of petechial haemorrhages automatically points to asphyxia as a cause of death

Explanation

Question 2 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

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More recently still the arm lock has been used as means of restraint by law enforcement officers, sometimes with fatal results
More recently still the arm lock has been used as means of restraint by law enforcement officers, not causing death due to asphyxia

Explanation

Question 3 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

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Airway obstruction is a contributory factor in some hangings where the hyoid bone and tongue are pushed upwards and backwards against the laryngo-pharynx. This type of obstruction produces “air hunger” which is a frightening sensation and a feature of vascular compression in the neck
Airway obstruction is a contributory factor in some hangings where the hyoid bone and tongue are pushed upwards and backwards against the laryngo-pharynx. This type of obstruction produces “air hunger” which is a frightening sensation and is not a feature of vascular compression in the neck

Explanation

Question 4 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

Select one of the following:

Ligature strangulation can be defined as a circumferential squeezing of the neck which is dependent of the gravitational weight or suspension of the head
Ligature strangulation can be defined as a circumferential squeezing of the neck which is independent of the gravitational weight or suspension of the head

Explanation

Question 5 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

Select one of the following:

The ligature mark is a vital part of the evidence as it often reproduces the pattern and dimensions of the ligature itself
The ligature mark is a vital part of the evidence as it often reproduces the colour and material of the ligature itself

Explanation

Question 6 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

Select one of the following:

Hanging is usually suicidal, in some cases it may be accidental, particularly those related to autoerotic asphyxiation
Hanging is always suicidal

Explanation

Question 7 of 65

1

Which one of these are correct?

Select one of the following:

External appearances of strangulation are injuries to the larynx; laryngeal bleeding; intramuscular bleeding; intimal carotid artery laceration — Amussat's sign; Simons's bleeding; Hangman’s fracture
Internal appearances of strangulation are injuries to the larynx; laryngeal bleeding; intramuscular bleeding; intimal carotid artery laceration — Amussat's sign; Simons's bleeding; Hangman’s fracture

Explanation

Question 8 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Hangings that involve free swinging result in an almost instantaneous death due to sudden pressure on the neck arteries. If a long drop is involved the cervical spine may be broken
Hangings that involve free swinging result in an almost instantaneous death due to sudden pressure on the neck arteries. If a long drop is involved, the cervical spine is always broken

Explanation

Question 9 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

When oxygen is not able to reach the lungs because of occlusion of the mouth and / or nose, or the airway at the level of the larynx is obstructed (eg by a bolus of food), the cause of the asphyxial death is 'obstruction of the airways’
When oxygen is not able to reach the lungs because of occlusion of the mouth and/ or nose, or the airway at the level of the larynx is obstructed (eg by a bolus of food), the cause of the asphyxial death is strangulation

Explanation

Question 10 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Restraint asphyxia is a variant in which chest, diaphragm and accessory muscles are impaired by the act of physical restraint
Restraint asphyxia is a variant in which chest, diaphragm and strap muscles are impaired by the act of physical restraint

Explanation

Question 11 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Manual strangulation can be both homicidal and suicidal
Manual strangulation is always homicidal

Explanation

Question 12 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The location of the hanging mark is situated higher on the neck, usually being directly under the chin anteriorly, passing round beneath the jaw-bones and rising up at the sides or back of the neck to the usual gap under the knot
The location of the ligature mark is situated higher on the neck, usually being directly under the chin anteriorly, passing round beneath the jaw-bones and rising up at the sides or back of the neck to the usual gap under the knot

Explanation

Question 13 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Amussat’s sign is a laceration of the intimal carotid artery
Amussat’s sign is a laryngeal bleeding

Explanation

Question 14 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Hangman’s fracture is an internal appearance in strangulation
Hangman s fracture is an external appearance in strangulation

Explanation

Question 15 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The appearance of finger indentations around the neck area indicates manual strangulation
The appearance of finger indentations around the neck area indicates chest compression

Explanation

Question 16 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Mechanism of death is a physical abnormality produced by cause of death that is incompatible with life
The cause of death is a physical abnormality produced by the mechanism of death

Explanation

Question 17 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Cause of death is a disease or an injury that initiates the events that led to death
Mechanism of death is a disease or an injury that initiates the events that led to death

Explanation

Question 18 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The external examination at autopsy includes examination of each organ in the body cavities
The external examination at autopsy includes the age, sex, race, physique, height, weight and nourishment of the deceased

Explanation

Question 19 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The internal examination at autopsy includes examination of each organ in the body cavities
The internal examination at autopsy includes the age, sex, race, physique, height, weight and nourishment of the deceased

Explanation

Question 20 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The bruise is a leakage of blood from ruptured small vessels (veins or arterioles) into the surrounding tissues
The bruise is a settling of blood into the lowermost blood vessels under gravity after the circulation ceases

Explanation

Question 21 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Abrasions are injuries involving superficial layers of the skin - the epidermis or mucus membrane due to impact against some hard, blunt, and rough object
Abrasions are injuries involving the full thickness of the skin - epidermis or mucus membrane due to impact against some hard, blunt, and rough object

Explanation

Question 22 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

After 7-10 days the colour of the scab of an abrasion is reddish — brown
After 2-3 days the colour of the scab of an abrasion is reddish — brown

Explanation

Question 23 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Laceration is a leakage of blood from ruptured small vessels into the surrounding tissues
Laceration is a full thickness tearing of the skin (or other tissue) due to stretching, pinning and crushing of tissues by blunt force trauma

Explanation

Question 24 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Lacerated wounds are characterised by ragged edges, bruising of skin and tissue bridges
Abrasions are characterised by ragged edges, bruising of skin and tissue bridges

Explanation

Question 25 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Lacerated wounds heal by scarring
Lacerated wounds heal by scabbing

Explanation

Question 26 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct

Select one of the following:

The lacerated wound is due to blunt force
The lacerated wound is due to sharp force

Explanation

Question 27 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Tissue bridges in depth of lacerated wound are intact nerves, vessels and tendons
Tissue bridges in depth of cut wound are intact nerves, vessels and tendons

Explanation

Question 28 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Healing of wound is through three phases - phase of inflammation, phase of proliferation and phase of scar formation and remodeling
Healing of wound is through three phases - phase of inflammation, phase of proliferation and phase of scab formation and remodeling

Explanation

Question 29 of 65

1

Which of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Abrasions are injuries involving superficial layers of the skin - epidermis or mucus membrane, due to impact against some hard, blunt and rough object / weapon
Lacerations are injuries involving superficial layers of the skin - epidermis or mucus membrane, due to impact against some hard, blunt and rough object / weapon

Explanation

Question 30 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Tissue bridges are intact edges
Tissue bridges are intact nerves, vessels and tendons

Explanation

Question 31 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Laceration is not a full thickness tearing of the skin (or other tissue) due to stretching, pinning and crushing of tissues by blunt force trauma
Laceration is a full thickness tearing of the skin (or other tissue) due to stretching, pinning and crushing of tissues by blunt force trauma

Explanation

Question 32 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Early changes take place between the first 12 to 24 hours
Early changes take place between the first 24 to 48 hours

Explanation

Question 33 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Early changes are changes of the skin and mucous membranes, body cooling, rigor mortis and Llivor mortis
Early changes are changes of the skin and mucous membranes, body cooling, rigor mortis and adipocere

Explanation

Question 34 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Late changes take place after 24 hours
Late changes take place between the first 24 to 48 hours

Explanation

Question 35 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Late changes are putrefaction, mummification and adipocere
Late changes are putrefaction, mummification and livor mortis

Explanation

Question 36 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The "Spot of the Larche” is a dark discoloration of a portion of sclera exposed to air
The ,"Spot of the Larche” is a hemorrhage associated with strangulation

Explanation

Question 37 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The "Spot of the Larche” is an early post-mortem change
The "Spot of the Larche” is a hemorrhage associated with strangulation

Explanation

Question 38 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The "Spot of the Larche” is a dark discoloration of a portion of sclera exposed to air
The "Spot of the Larche” is a late post-mortem change

Explanation

Question 39 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The incised wound is a clean division of the full thickness of skin (or other tissue) under the pressure of a sharp-edged weapon
The incised wound results from hacking or chopping motion made with a fairly sharp and relatively heavy weapon

Explanation

Question 40 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The incised wound is deeper than it is long due to a Swipe action
The incised wound is longer than it is deep due to a Swipe action

Explanation

Question 41 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The incised wound reflects weapon type, not sharp edge
The incised wound reflects sharp edge, not weapon type

Explanation

Question 42 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Defence wounds are due to the immediate & instinctive reaction of the Victim to save himself/ herself, either by raising the arm to prevent the attack, or by grasping the weapon
Hesitation wounds are due to the immediate & instinctive reaction of the victim to save himself, either by raising the arm to prevent the attack, or by grasping the weapon

Explanation

Question 43 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Hesitation wounds are signs of a homicide
Hesitation wounds are signs of a suicide

Explanation

Question 44 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Penetrating wounds are caused by separation of the skin and soft tissues under the pressure of a sharp or blunt pointed instrument
Incised wounds are caused by separation of the skin and soft tissues under pressure of a sharp or blunt pointed instrument

Explanation

Question 45 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

A straight in and out stab wound is slightly shorter than the width of the blade due to stretching of the skin over the point of the knife on insertion and elastic recoil withdrawal
A straight in and out stab wound is slightly longer than the width of the pace due to stretching of the skin over the point of the knife on insertion and elastic recoil withdrawal

Explanation

Question 46 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Stab wound width must be assessed with the edges taped together because the wound is often shortened and widened into an ellipse by skin elasticity and underlying muscle tone
Stab wound width must be assessed with the edges not taped together because the wound is often shortened and widened into an ellipse by skin elasticity and underlying muscle tone

Explanation

Question 47 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The best indicator of blade width is the shortest (least rocking), deepest wound (weapon fully inserted)
The best indicator of blade width is the longest (most rocking), deepest wound (weapon fully inserted)

Explanation

Question 48 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Firearm injuries occur when someone is shot by a bullet or other sort of projectile from a firearm
Firearm injuries occur when someone is hit with the handle of a pistol

Explanation

Question 49 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The kinetic energy of a bullet is proportional to mass and velocity
The kinetic energy of a bullet is proportional to deformation and fragmentation

Explanation

Question 50 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Skin defect is due to passing of the projectile through the skin
Skin defect is due to deposition of soot from partially burnt gases

Explanation

Question 51 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Forward motion of bullet indents the skin and abrades the margin of exit wound
Forward motion of bullet indents the skin and abrades the margin of entry wound

Explanation

Question 52 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Tattooing is a deposition of soot from partially burnt gases
Smudging is a deposition of soot from partially but gases

Explanation

Question 53 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

An entry wound is typically larger and more irregular than an exit one due to bullet tumbling and deformation
An exit wound is typically larger and more irregular than an entry one due to bullet tumbling and deformation

Explanation

Question 54 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Muzzle impression is due to the skin impact against muzzle produced by discharge gases in distant wound
Muzzle impression is due to the skin impact against muzzle produced by discharge gases in contact and near contact wounds

Explanation

Question 55 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

Lubricant and debris on bullet surface wipe off onto the wound edge and produce abrasion ring
Lubricant and debris on bullet surface wipe off onto the wound edge and produce grey ring

Explanation

Question 56 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

A contact entry wound is generally large and cruciate ( stellate, or star shaped), due to explosive effects of the gases liberated
A contact entry wound is generally small and cruciate ( stellate, or star shaped), due to explosive effects of the gases liberated

Explanation

Question 57 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

A distant entry wound is produced by mechanical action of bullet penetration of skin only
A near entry wound is produced by mechanical action of bullet penetration of skin only

Explanation

Question 58 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

The entry wound shows a punched clean hole in the outer table of the skull
The exit wound shows a punched clean hole in the outer table of the skull

Explanation

Question 59 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

This scheme shows contact range of fire
This scheme shows distant range of fire

Explanation

Question 60 of 65

1

Which one of these is correct?

Select one of the following:

This scheme shows near range of fire
This scheme shows distant range of fire

Explanation

Question 61 of 65

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Medicolegal case. After familiarizing yourself with the autopsy - external and internal examination, answer the following questions:
In external exam of the cadaver of a young girl the following signs are found- petechial haemorrhages of the skin, eyelids, conjunctiva and sclera and finger-nail scratches on the neck.
In internal exam of the cadaver the following signs are found - petechial haemorrhages of the heart with subepicardial localization and of the lungs with subpleural localization intramuscular bleeding in the neck and fractures of hyoid bone and larynx.

1. What is the mechanism of death?-
2. What is the cause of death?- of the neck by
3. Determine the manner of death - homicidal, suicidal or accidental?-

Explanation

Question 62 of 65

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Medicolegal cause. After familiarizing yourself with the crime scene circumstances and the autopsy - internal andexternal examination, answer the following questions:
A deceased naked young girl with visible bruises on the breast, thighs and neck with the following characteristics — oval form and red colour. There are finger scratches on the neck, covered by a reddish scab. On the back of the dead body tramline bruises with yellowish colour are found.

1, What is the most probable mechanism of death?-
2. What is the most probable cause of death?-
3. What is the most probable manner of crime?-
4. Distinguish the dating of the damages.

Explanation

Question 63 of 65

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Medicolegal cause. After familiarizing yourself with the crime scene circumstances and the autopsy - internal andexternal examination, answer the following questions:
A dead body with a wound on the neck is found. The margins of the wound are clean-cut well defined, the large blood vessels are severed, there are multiple shallow incised wounds on the left wrist, blood soaked clothes, blood staining and spattering of surroundings, blood staining of the knife.

1. What is the mechanism of death?-
2. What is the cause of death?- of neck
3. What is the most probable manner of death - homicidal, suicidal or accidental?-

Explanation

Question 64 of 65

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Medicolegal case. After familiarizing yourself with the autopsy - internal and external examination, answer the following questions:
There is a star-shaped skin defect on the right temple and an abraded ring. The edges of the skin defect are inverted. The adjacent tissues are cherry- red in colour. Around the skin defect there is a muzzle impression. The nght hand and the face are blood stained. There is a wound on the left temple which ts smaller in size than the skin defect.
The edges of this wound are everted. The colour of the surrounding tissues is dark red. During the crime scene investigation a pistol and a letter from the deathbed are found.
Internal examination:
During the check of the skull two defects are found- the first one of them is on the right temple area and shows a punched clean hole in the outer table. The inner table has a cone-shaped piece of bone. It is detached forming a crater that is larger than the hole on the outer table. The defect on the left temple area shows a contrary feature. There is severe cerebral damage.

What is the cause of death?-
What is the mechanism of death?- severe
What is the most probable manner of death?-
What is the range of fire?-
What is the direction of the fire?- from the temple to the temple

Explanation

Question 65 of 65

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Case:
A dead body with a wound on the neck is found. The margins of the wound are clean-cut, well defined, the large blood vessels in the area of the wound are severed, there are multiple shallow incised wounds only on the left wrist, blood soaked clothes, blood staining. and spattering of surroundings, blood staining of the knife, found near the corpse.

Questions:
What is the most probable cause of death?-
What is the mechanism of death?-
What is the manner of death?-

	Created by Med Student about 4 years ago