Julie Lam
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Lecture Topic: How to Treat Cardiovascular Disease

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Julie Lam
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Wk 4: How to Treat Cardiovascular Disease

Question 1 of 12

1

Which of the following will cause an increase in blood pressure?

Select one of the following:

  • Increased parasympathetic nerve system activity at the sinoatrial node

  • Vasodilatation of the peripheral arterioles

  • A decrease in circulating blood volume

  • Increased activation of cardiac B1 (beta 1) adrenoreceptors

Explanation

Question 2 of 12

1

Which of the following statements about the renin-angiotensin system is incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Angiotensin II is the major bioactive peptide

  • Renin is released from the kidney in response to an increase in blood pressure

  • Activation of the system can increase aldosterone production and Na+ retention

  • Increased activity of ACE can lead to enhanced peripheral vasoconstriction

Explanation

Question 3 of 12

1

Which of the following statements about hypertension is incorrect?

Select one of the following:

  • Hypertension is a graded condition

  • Hypertension is a major risk for heart failure and stroke

  • Hypertension is usually due to a specific underlying pathology

  • Hypertension is influenced by both genetic and lifestyle factors

Explanation

Question 4 of 12

1

ACE inhibitors such as Catopril act by:

Select one of the following:

  • Competitively antagonising AT1 receptors

  • Decreasing the formation of angiotensinogen

  • Increasing the activity of renin

  • Reducing the conversion of angiotensin I into angiotensin II

Explanation

Question 5 of 12

1

Potential adverse effects (AEs) of calcium ion channel blockers such as Amlodopine do NOT include:

Select one of the following:

  • Tachycardia

  • Ankle swelling

  • Flushing

  • Orthostatic hypotension

Explanation

Question 6 of 12

1

Which of the following statements about anti-hypertensive drugs is INCORRECT?

Select one of the following:

  • Atenolol will oppose the increases in heart rate and contractility caused by SNS activation

  • Hydrochlorothiazides act in the distal tubule to increase Na+ reabsoprtion

  • Irbesartan antagnoises AT1 receptors to reduce vasoconstriction

  • Prazosin reduces blood pressure by antagonising adrenoreceptors in the vasculature

Explanation

Question 7 of 12

1

Eplerenone:

Select one of the following:

  • Increases Na+ reabsorption in the collecting duct

  • Produces a large diuresis

  • Reduces K+ excretion

  • Is a positive inotrope

Explanation

Question 8 of 12

1

Which of the following does NOT contribute to the mechanism of action of Digoxin?

Select one of the following:

  • An increase in intracellular Na+ concentrations

  • Inhibition of the Na+-K+-ATPase

  • An increase in cytoplasmic Ca2+

  • Increase activity of the Na+-Ca2+ exchanger

Explanation

Question 9 of 12

1

Organic nitraties such as Glyceryl Trinitrate do all of the following except:

Select one of the following:

  • Cause vasodilation

  • Increase cardiac contractility

  • Reduce preload

  • Lower blood pressure

Explanation

Question 10 of 12

1

Cholesterol:

Select one of the following:

  • Is obtained exclusively from dietary sources

  • Can be transported from peripheral tissues to the liver by HDL

  • Circulates independently in the bloodstream

  • Can be synthesised in the adipose tissue

Explanation

Question 11 of 12

1

Which of the following is NOT part of the mechanism of action for Statins?

Select one of the following:

  • Increased uptake of LDL from plasma into hepatocytes

  • Inhibition of HMA coA-reductase

  • Reduction in endogenous cholesterol synthesis

  • Down regulation of LDL receptors

Explanation

Question 12 of 12

1

In low doses, Asprin reduces platelet activation by:

Select one of the following:

  • Reducing prostacyclin (PGl2) production

  • Selectively inhibiting cyclooxygenase in endothelial cells

  • Preventing the release of ADP

  • Acetylating COX1 in platelets

Explanation

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