One of this research is that caregiver infant interaction are usually filmed in . This means that other activities that might distract a baby can be Also, using films from means that observations can be later. Therefore, it is unlikely that researchers will miss seeing Furthermore, having filmed interaction means that more than one observer can record data and establish of the observations. Finally, , so there behaviour does not hacking in response too observations. Therefore, data collected in such research should have

One of research into caregiver infant interactions is that it is . Young babies as their bodies are almost . The movement being observed are just or . It is therefore, difficult to be sure, For example, whether a . It is also difficult to determine what is taking place from the . Researchers also cannot know, whether a movement such as a hand is by something that the caregiver has done. This means that we cannot be certain that the behaviour seen in caregiver infant interactions have

One of research is that it has . Shaffer and Emerson conducted the observations in each which means that the children and parents were more likely to . Therefore, the study has as the results are likely to apply to other children from a in their own homes.

A of research is that it l. The sample consisted of only and , who may form very different attachments with their infants when compared with from other countries. Therefore, we are unable to the results of this study to mothers and babies from other countries and backgrounds as their behaviour might not be .

There is research evidence that provides support for the as a rather than . Research by (1996) found that a fathers’ play interactions were more in comparison to a mothers’. However, the mothers’ play interactions were more . This suggests that the role of the father is in fact as a and not as a who responds to the needs of their children. These results also confirm that the .

Research evidence suggests that fathers are not as equipped as mothers to provide a . (1999) found that fathers were less able to detect , in comparison to mothers. These results appear to support the that the lack of in men means that fathers are not equipped to form close attachments with their children. This suggests that the role of the father is, to some extent, and that a father’s role is restricted because of their . This provides further evidence that fathers are not able to provide a and , as they are in their children.

Since only studied – a sample of – we cannot the results to humans since we are unable to conclude that they would behave in exactly the same way. The attachment formation in appears to be very different to that of bird species with parents, specifically mothers, showing more to their offspring with the added ability of being able to form attachments beyond the after birth. So, whilst some of findings have greatly influenced our understanding of formation, caution must be applied when drawing about the results.

One of research is existence of support for the context of . a study by support idea of . chicks were exposed to simple shape combinations that moved, such as a triangle with a rectangle in front. a range of were placed in front of them and they followed the original most closely. This supports the view that young animals are born with an to on a moving object present in the or development, as predicted by .

The results from study is of since it provides insight into formation. This has important that can be useful in a range of practical situations. For example, (1998) reports that the knowledge gained from research has helped understand risk factors in cases with human children which can then serve to prevent it occurring or, at the very least, recognise when to intervene. In addition, there are which are used in the care of in zoos or to ensure that they have adequate attachment figures as part of their care.

One of research is the ability to for monkeys to humans. much more similar to humans than and all mammals share some common attachment behaviours. However the human brain in human behaviours is still than that of monkeys. This means that it may not be appropriate to

One of the is that elements of conditioning could be involved in some aspects of . It seems unlikely that plays a central role in attachment but may still play a role. For example, a baby may associate and with the presence of a particular attachment figure. This mean that may be still useful in understanding the developments of a

One of the is that both conditioned explanations see the baby playing a relatively in attachment development, simply responding to associations with . in fact research shows that babies play an in the interactions but produce , . This means that may not be an explanation that any

A strength of comes from research by . found that upon hatching , they followed the first moving thing they saw, during a . This process in birds is known as and appears to be . research supports and demonstrates that geese are born with behaviours which help them to survive. However, developmental psychologists when referring to human attachment often prefer to use the term , as attachments have been shown to develop beyond the of opportunity.

One of is that the concept of found that although most babies did attach to one person first, a significant minority formed at the same time. Also, although the first attachment does appear to have a particularly strong influence on later behaviour, this may simply mean it is stronger, not necessarily in quality from the Childs other attachments. For example after, to family members provide all the same qualities such as and a . This means that may be but there is a unique quality an in the child’s primary attachment.