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Elimination

Question 1 of 88

1

A patient is having fewer than normal bowel movements with the difficult passage of hard, dry feces. The nurse would document this as

Select one of the following:

  • Impaction

  • Flatulance

  • Hemorroids

  • Constipation

Explanation

Question 2 of 88

1

A common cause of lower urinary tract infection would be

Select one of the following:

  • Kinked or blocked urethral catherter

  • Emotional Anxiety

  • Multiple childbirths

  • High fluid intake

Explanation

Question 3 of 88

1

Health promotion activities that the nurse might include in patient teaching to assist a patient in achieving normal defecation would include

Select one of the following:

  • Frequent use cathartics and laxatives

  • Lying flat to achieve continence on the bedpan

  • Limiting strenuous exercise that would hinder bowel functioning

  • Assure that the patient provides time to defecate when feels the urge to do so

Explanation

Question 4 of 88

1

When caring for a patient with an indwelling catheter the nurse knows that it is necessary to maintain the closed urinary drainage system. While caring for the patient the nurse would

Select one of the following:

  • Place all excess tubing off the bed to prevent the patient from lying on the tubing

  • Be sure to plan to reinsert the catheter at intermittent intervals

  • Maintain patency of the system and monitor urine flow

  • Remove catheter to reduce the risk of urinary tract infection

Explanation

Question 5 of 88

1

When documenting a common symptom of urinary alteration, the nurse would correctly document voiding a diminished urine output of 325 cc over 24 hours as

Select one of the following:

  • Oliguria

  • Polyuria

  • Urinary retention

  • Dribbling

Explanation

Question 6 of 88

1

A patient was admitted with prostate gland enlargement. The patient continues to demonstrate urinary frequency with only small amounts voided with each void and is restless. The patient is most likely experiencing

Select one of the following:

  • Urinary retention

  • Functional incontinence

  • Residual urine

  • Dysuria

Explanation

Question 7 of 88

1

Your patient is an alert 40-year-old male, who is timid and reluctant to talk about his urinary retention. Which part of this plan of care could create stress for the patient and possibly increase his inability to urinate?

Select one of the following:

  • Assist patient in assuming his usual voiding position.

  • Pull curtains around patient to provide privacy during voiding.

  • Stay with the patient while he is voiding.

  • Offer the urinal on a regular schedule.

Explanation

Question 8 of 88

1

During removal of a fecal impaction, which of the following could occur because of vagal stimulation?

Select one of the following:

  • Bradycardia

  • Atelectasis

  • Tachycardia

  • Decrease bowel sounds in all four quadrants.

Explanation

Question 9 of 88

1

A caregiver of an 80-year-old patient tells the nurse that her mother frequently experiences nocturia and is sometimes incontinent. Following instructions about strategies to resolve the elimination problems, the nurse determines that the caregiver need further instructions when the caregiver says:

Select one of the following:

  • "I should be sure that my mother drink 2500 mL by 6:00 in the evening."

  • "I need to discourage my mother from drinking a cup of coffee at supper."

  • "My mother needs her walker at the bedside and a night light on in the bathroom to keep her safe."

  • "Have Mom take her diuretic medication in the morning so she urinates during the day."

Explanation

Question 10 of 88

1

When planning for the elimination needs of a patient, the nurse understands that:

Select one of the following:

  • Peristalsis increases after ingestion of food

  • Emotional stress initially decreases peristalsis

  • Enema solutions should be administered at room temperature

  • Intrathoracic pressure decreases when straining during defecation

Explanation

Question 11 of 88

1

When differentiating among the types of urinary incontinence, the nurse understands that stress incontinence occurs:

Select one of the following:

  • With a urinary tract infection

  • In response to emotional strain

  • As a result of increased intra-abdominal pressure

  • When a specific volume of urine is in the bladder

Explanation

Question 12 of 88

1

When caring for a patient who is unable to tolerate a large amount of enema fluid, which solution should the nurse anticipate that the physician will order?

Select one of the following:

  • Hypertonic fluid

  • Normal saline

  • Soapsuds

  • Tap water

Explanation

Question 13 of 88

1

When collecting a urine specimen for routine urinalysis from a patient, the nurse keeps in mind which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • A sterile specimen is required for collection.

  • Results may be altered if a sample is left standing at room temperature for a long time.

  • The external meatus requires cleaning with antiseptic soap and water before voiding.

  • A clean-catch midstream specimen is necessary.

Explanation

Question 14 of 88

1

Which of the following would the nurse incorporate into the teaching plan for a patient to promote healthy urinary functioning?

Select one of the following:

  • Drinking more than 2,000 mL of fluid per day will cause fluid retention.

  • The healthy adult should drink four to six 8-ounce glasses of water per day.

  • Children need fewer reminders to drink because of greater thirst sensitivity.

  • Caffeine-containing beverages should be monitored to prevent excess intake.

Explanation

Question 15 of 88

1

When a person has a fever or diaphoresis, how would the urine output be described?

Select one of the following:

  • Decreased and highly concentrated

  • Decreased and highly dilute

  • Increased and concentrated

  • Increased and dilute

Explanation

Question 16 of 88

1

The physician has ordered an indwelling catheter inserted in a hospitalized male patient. The nurse is aware of which of the following considerations?

Select one of the following:

  • The male urethra is more vulnerable to injury during insertion.

  • In the hospital, a clean technique is used for catheter insertion.

  • The catheter is inserted 2″ to 3″ into the meatus.

  • Since it uses a closed system, the risk for urinary tract infection is absent.

Explanation

Question 17 of 88

1

Nursing care for a patient with an indwelling catheter includes which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Irrigation of the catheter with 30 mL of normal saline solution every 4 hours

  • Disconnecting and reconnecting the drainage system quickly to obtain a urine specimen

  • Encouraging a generous fluid intake if not contraindicated by the patient’s condition.

  • Telling the patient that burning and irritation are normal, subsiding within a few days

Explanation

Question 18 of 88

1

After surgery, Ms. Young is having difficulty voiding. Which nursing action would most likely lead to an increased difficulty with voiding?

Select one of the following:

  • Pouring warm water over Ms. Young’s fingers

  • Having Ms. Young ignore the urge to void until her bladder is full

  • Using a warm bedpan when Ms. Young feels the urge to void

  • Stroking Ms. Young’s leg or thigh

Explanation

Question 19 of 88

1

Mr. Cheng, a hospitalized patient with diabetes mellitus, has developed a UTI. He is 80 years old and has an indwelling catheter in place. Which factor is most likely the cause of his UTI?

Select one of the following:

  • The close proximity of the male genitalia to the rectum

  • Decreased immunity

  • A high urine glucose level

  • The indwelling urinary catheter

Explanation

Question 20 of 88

1

Which of the following terms denotes a patient’s inability to void even though the kidneys are producing urine that enters the bladder?

Select one of the following:

  • Urgency

  • Retention

  • Oliguria

  • Dysuria

Explanation

Question 21 of 88

1

Mrs. D’Ambrosia, an alert, ambulatory, older nursing home resident, voids frequently and has difficulty making it to the bathroom in time. The nurse planning her care is aware of which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Incontinence is to be expected in a woman Mrs. D’Ambrosia’s age.

  • One of every 10 nursing home residents is incontinent.

  • Kegel exercises performed at regular intervals throughout the day may be helpful.

  • An indwelling catheter should be inserted as soon as possible.

Explanation

Question 22 of 88

1

The priority treatment option for Mrs. D’Ambrosia would most likely involve which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Behavioral techniques

  • Pharmacologic measures

  • Surgical intervention

  • Use of absorbent products

Explanation

Question 23 of 88

1

A patient taking phenazopyridine (Pyridium, a urinary tract analgesic) should be cautioned that her urine may change to what color?

Select one of the following:

  • Pale yellow

  • Green

  • Orange-red

  • Brown

Explanation

Question 24 of 88

1

Mr. Bales is 60 years old and alert. He is timid and reluctant to talk about his urinary retention problem. Which part of this plan could create stress for Mr. Bales and possibly increase his inability to urinate?

Select one of the following:

  • Assisting him in assuming his normal voiding position

  • Pulling curtains around him to provide privacy during voiding

  • Staying with him while voiding

  • Offering the urinal on a regular schedule

Explanation

Question 25 of 88

1

Which of the following is a nursing priority when caring for a male patient with a condom catheter?

Select one of the following:

  • Preventing the tubing from kinking to maintain free urinary drainage

  • Not removing the catheter for any reason

  • Fastening the condom tightly to prevent the possibility of leakage

  • Maintaining bed rest at all times to prevent the catheter from slipping off

Explanation

Question 26 of 88

1

A patient has a nursing diagnosis of Impaired Urinary Elimination related to maturational enuresis. You recognize that your patient is which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • An adult older than 65 years of age who is incontinent

  • A child older than 4 years of age who has involuntary urination

  • A 12-month-old child who has involuntary urination

  • A patient with neurologic damage resulting in bladder dysfunction

Explanation

Question 27 of 88

1

Data must be collected to evaluate the effectiveness of a plan to reduce urinary incontinence in an older adult patient. Of the information below, which is least important for the evaluation process?

Select one of the following:

  • The incontinence pattern

  • State of physical mobility

  • Medications being taken

  • Age of the patient

Explanation

Question 28 of 88

1

If a patient was instructed to avoid foods that may have a laxative effect, the nurse would advise the patient to avoid which of the following foods?

Select one of the following:

  • Cheese

  • Alcohol

  • Eggs

  • Pasta

Explanation

Question 29 of 88

1

Which of the following is a true statement about the effects of medication on bowel elimination?

Select one of the following:

  • Diarrhea commonly occurs with amoxicillin clavulanate use.

  • Anticoagulants cause a white discoloration of the stool.

  • Narcotic analgesics increase gastrointestinal motility.

  • Iron salts impair digestion and cause a green stool.

Explanation

Question 30 of 88

1

Mr. J. has a fecal impaction. The nurse correctly administers an oil-retention enema by doing which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Administering a large volume of solution (500–1,000 mL)

  • Mixing milk and molasses in equal parts for an enema

  • Instructing the patient to retain the enema for at least 30 minutes

  • Administering the enema while the patient is sitting on the toilet

Explanation

Question 31 of 88

1

As the nurse prepares to assist Mrs. P. with her newly created ileostomy, she is aware of which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • An appliance will not be required on a continual basis

  • The size of the stoma stabilizes within 2 weeks

  • Irrigation is necessary for regulation

  • Fecal drainage will be liquid

Explanation

Question 32 of 88

1

Which class of laxative acts by causing the stool to absorb water and swell?

Select one of the following:

  • Bulk-forming

  • Emollient

  • Lubricant

  • Stimulant

Explanation

Question 33 of 88

1

Mr. T. is nervous about a colonoscopy scheduled for tomorrow. The nurse describes the test by explaining that it allows which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Visual examination of the esophagus and stomach

  • Visual examination of the large intestine

  • Radiographic examination of the large intestine

  • Fluoroscopic examination of the small intestine

Explanation

Question 34 of 88

1

A bowel training program includes which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Using a diet that is low in bulk

  • Decreasing fluid intake to 1,000 mL

  • Administering an enema once a day to stimulate peristalsis

  • Allowing ample time for evacuation

Explanation

Question 35 of 88

1

Your patient complains of excessive flatulence. When reviewing the patient’s dietary intake, which food, if eaten regularly, would you identify as possibly responsible?

Select one of the following:

  • Meat

  • Cauliflower

  • Potatoes

  • Ice cream

Explanation

Question 36 of 88

1

A barium enema should be done before an upper gastrointestinal series because of which of the following?

Select one of the following:

  • Retained barium may cloud the colon.

  • Barium can cause lower gastrointestinal bleeding.

  • The physician’s orders are in that sequence.

  • Barium is absorbed readily in the lower intestine.

Explanation

Question 37 of 88

1

Nurses should recommend avoiding the habitual use of laxatives. Which of the following is the rationale for this?

Select one of the following:

  • They will cause a fecal impaction.

  • They will cause chronic constipation.

  • They change the pH of the gastrointestinal tract.

  • They inhibit the intestinal enzymes.

Explanation

Question 38 of 88

1

When explaining the action of a hypertonic solution enema, the nurse incorporates which of the following as the basis for action?

Select one of the following:

  • Bowel mucosa irritation

  • Diffusion of water out of colon

  • Osmosis of water into colon

  • Softening of fecal contents

Explanation

Question 39 of 88

1

Which of the following are included in the nursing plan of care to prevent adverse effects when caring for a patient with a nasogastric tube in place for gastric decompression? Select all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Irrigate with saline.

  • Measure the length of the exposed tube.

  • Measure the pH of the aspirated tube contents.

  • Administer frequent oral hygiene.

Explanation

Question 40 of 88

1

During removal of a fecal impaction, which of the following could occur because of vagal stimulation?

Select one of the following:

  • Bradycardia

  • Atelectasis

  • Tachycardia

  • Cardiac tamponade

Explanation

Question 41 of 88

1

Which of the following would be a common nursing diagnosis for the patient with an ileostomy?

Select one of the following:

  • Disturbed Body Image

  • Constipation

  • Delayed Growth and Development

  • Excess Fluid Volume

Explanation

Question 42 of 88

1

Which of the following is an appropriate nursing action to promote regular bowel habits?

Select one of the following:

  • encouraging the patient to avoid moving his bowels until a certain time of the day

  • encouraging the patient to avoid excess fluid intake and too much fiber

  • avoiding strenuous exercise to limit stress on abdominal muscles and impair peristalsis

  • assisting the patient to as normal position as possible to defecate

Explanation

Question 43 of 88

1

How many mLs does the bladder hold before we get the desire to void?

Select one of the following:

  • 500-600mL

  • 400-500mL

  • 150-200mL

  • 900-1000mL

Explanation

Question 44 of 88

1

When do most children develop urinary control?

Select one of the following:

  • Between the age of 1 and 2.

  • Before the age of 1.

  • Between the ages 5 and 7.

  • Between the ages of 2 and 5.

Explanation

Question 45 of 88

1

What are liquids that decrease urine formations?

Select one of the following:

  • Cola

  • High sodium content beverages

  • Coffee

  • Water

  • Tea

Explanation

Question 46 of 88

1

Anticoagulants may cause hematuria. (blood in urine)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 47 of 88

1

Diuretics can lighten the color of urine to pale yellow.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 48 of 88

1

Phenazopyridine can turn the urine black or brown.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 49 of 88

1

Antidepressants or Beta complex vitamins turn the urine pale yellow.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 50 of 88

1

Antiparkinson drugs can turn your urine black or brown.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 51 of 88

1

Anuria is 24-hour urine output less than 500mL.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 52 of 88

1

Dysuria is pain or difficult urination.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 53 of 88

1

Oliguria is an increased amount of urine over a given amount of time.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 54 of 88

1

Polyuria is excessive output of urine. (diuresis)

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 55 of 88

1

Pyuria is pus in the urine and makes it appear cloudy.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 56 of 88

1

Stress incontinence is coughing, sneezing, laughing, or other physical activities like childbirth, menopause, obesity, or straining.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 57 of 88

1

Reflex urination is experiencing emptying of the bladder without the sensation of the need to void.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 58 of 88

1

Total incontinence is urine loss caused by the inability to reach the toilet because of environmental barriers, physical limitations, loss of memory, or disorientation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 59 of 88

1

Total Incontinence is a continuous and unpredictable loss of urine, resulting from surgery, trauma, or physical malformation.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 60 of 88

1

For a clean voided (midstream), a sterile urine specimen is not required for a routine uri-nalysis. Collect urine by having the patient void into a clean bedpan

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 61 of 88

1

Sterile specimen means that the patient voids and discards a small amount of urine; continues voiding in a sterile specimen container to collect the urine.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 62 of 88

1

Characteristics of healthy urine (select all that apply):

Select one or more of the following:

  • Straw colored, pale yellow, or amber

  • Clear or translucent

  • Odor is aromatic

  • pH is 3.0 ( 2.0-5.0)

  • Gravity is 2.005-2.030

Explanation

Question 63 of 88

1

Intravenous pyelogram is the radiographic examination of the kidney and ureter after a contrast material is injected intravenously. It is used to diagnose kidney and ureter disease and impaired renal function.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 64 of 88

1

Cystoscopy is the direct visual examination of the bladder, ureteral orifices, and urethra with a cystoscope. It is used to view, diagnose, and treat disorders of the lower urinary tract, interior bladder, urethra, male prostatic urethra.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 65 of 88

1

Retrograde pyelography is the radiographic and endoscopic examination of the kidneys and ureters after a contrast material is injected into the renal pelvis through the ureter.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 66 of 88

1

Antibody is an immunoglobin produced by the body in response to a specific antigen.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 67 of 88

1

Antigen is a foreign material capable of inducing a specific immune response.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 68 of 88

1

Anaerobic is bacteria that require oxygen to live and grow.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 69 of 88

1

Aerobic is bacteria that require oxygen to live and grow.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 70 of 88

1

An animal or person on or within which microorganisms live.

Select one of the following:

  • Reservoir

  • Vector

  • Host

  • Virus

Explanation

Question 71 of 88

1

An infection that occurs as a result of a treatment or diagnostic procedure.

Select one of the following:

  • Pathogen

  • Iatrogenic

  • Nosocomial

  • Droplet precuation

Explanation

Question 72 of 88

1

Medical asepsis is practices designed to reduce the number and transfer of pathogens; synonym for clean technique.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 73 of 88

1

Surgical asepsis are practices that render and keep objects and areas free from microorganisms; synonym for sterile technique.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 74 of 88

1

A vector can be (select all that apply):

Select one or more of the following:

  • Tick

  • Lice

  • A person

  • A rat

Explanation

Question 75 of 88

1

Virulence is the inability to produce a disease.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 76 of 88

1

Exudate is a fluid that accumulates in a wound; may contain serum, cellular debris, bacteria, and white blood cells.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 77 of 88

1

Drainage that is comprised of white blood cells, liquefied dead tissue debris, and both dead and live bacteria.

Select one of the following:

  • Serosanguineous

  • Serous

  • Necrosis

  • Purulent

Explanation

Question 78 of 88

1

Drainage that is a mix of serum and red blood cells.

Select one of the following:

  • Eschar

  • Serosanguineous

  • Serous

  • Purulent

Explanation

Question 79 of 88

1

Drainage that is composed of clear, serous portion of the blood and from serous membranes.

Select one of the following:

  • Serous

  • Serosanguineous

  • Purulent

  • Eschar

Explanation

Question 80 of 88

1

Incubation period, prodromal stage, full stage of illness, and the convalescent period are the stages in order of an infection.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 81 of 88

1

A person is most infectious during the incubation stage.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 82 of 88

1

Incubation Period is the interval period between the pathogen’s invasion of the body and the appearance of symptoms of infection.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 83 of 88

1

Convalescent period is the recovery period of an infection.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 84 of 88

1

What are the cardinal signs and symptoms of inflammation?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Redness

  • Heat

  • Moisture

  • Edema

  • Pain

  • Loss of function

Explanation

Question 85 of 88

1

The protective mechanism to the inflammatory response is localization, attack, remove dead damaged tissue and repair/replace.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 86 of 88

1

When the injury is flooded with blood to promote wound healing is called vasoconstriction.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 87 of 88

1

Vasoconstriction is when the wound is confined of blood to limit tissue damage.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 88 of 88

1

During the cellular response there is increased cellular permeability and WBCs move into area-Clean wound-consume debris which results in pain, edema, loss of function.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation