Milady chapter 7 Skin Structure

is a physician who specializes in diseases and disorders of the skin, hair, and nails

How many years of school does it take to become a dermatologist?

What are cosmetologist allowed to do?

some one who specializes in the cleansing, beautification, and preservation of the health of skin on the entire body, including the face and neck

What is the largest organ of the body?

if it were stretched out, how many square inches would the skin cover?

About how much would the entire skin of the body weigh?

What does the skin protect?

What is free of any visible signs of disease, infection, or injury; is slightly moist, soft, and flexible; has smooth, fine-grained texture

What does the appendages of the skin include?

What does continued, repeated pressure on any part of the skin cause?

Why are callus' important?

What are the two main divisons of the skin?

is the outermost and thinnest layer of the skin; it contains no blood vessels, but has many small nerve endings

How many layers is the epidermis made of?

aka: horny layer, is the outer layer of the epidermins; this is the layer we see when we look at the skin

Cells are made up of this; a fibrous protein that is also the principal component of hair and nails.

is the clear, transparent layer under the stratum corneum; it consists of small cells through which light can pass

aka: granular layer; is the layer of the epidermis that is composed of cells that look like granules and are filled with keratin; these cells die as they are pushed to the surface to preplace dead cells that are shed from the stratum corneum

is the spiny layer just above the stratum germinativum; where the process fo skin cell shedding begins

aka: basal cell layer; is the deepest layer of the epidermis; this is the live layer that produces new epidermal skin cells and is responsible for the growth of the epidermis

special cells which produce the dark skin pigment called melanin

aka: derma, corium, cutis, or true skin; is the underlying or inner layer of the skin

small involuntary muscules in the base fo the hair that cause goose flesh---or goose bumps

What two layers is the dermis comprised of?

is the outer layer fo the dermis, directly beneath the epidermis; here you will find the dermal papillae

are small, cone-shaped elevations at the base of the hair follicles; some contain looped capillaries, and others contain small epidermal structures called tactile corpuscles

small epidermal structures with nerve endings that are sensitive to the touch and pressure

The top of the papillary layer where it joins the epidermis is called:

is the deeper layer of the dermis that supplies the skin with all of its oxygen and nutrients

aka: adipose tissue or subcutis tissue; is the fatty tissue found below the dermis; gives smoothness and contour to the body, contains fats for use as energy, and also acts as a protective cushion for the skin.

what nutrients are necesary for cell life, repair, and growth?

the clear fluids of the body that bathe the skin cells, remove toxins and cellular waste, and have immune functions that help protect the skin and body against disease

are distributed to the arrector pili muscles attached to the hair follicles; they carry impulses from the brain to the muscles

react to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain; they send messages to the brain

Nerve fibers that are distributed to the sudoriferous (sweat) and sebacieous (oil) glands of the skin

which layer of the dermis houses the nerve endings that provide the body with the sense of touch, pain, heat, cold, and pressure?

tiny grains of pigment that are produced by melanocytes and then deposited into cells

What are the two types of melanin produced by the body?

melanin which is red to yellow in color

melanin which is dark brown to black in color

What can a person do to help melanin protect the skin from the sun's UV light?

What two specific structures found within the dermis gives skin its strength, form, and flexibility?

A fibrous protein that gives the skin form and strength; makes up a large % of the dermis and provides structural support by holding together all the structures found in this layer.

is a protein base similar to collegen that forms elastic tissue; gives skin its flexibility and elsticity

Collagen comes from the Greek words kolla meaning....

Collagen comes from the Greek word gennan meaning....

What two types of duct glads does the skin contain that extract maerials from the blood to form new substances?

aka: sweat glands, excrete perspiration and detoxify the body by excreting excess salt and unwanted chemicals

aka: oil glands, are connected to the hair follicles; consist of little sacs with ducts that open into the follicles, they secrete sebum

How much salt-containging liquids are eliminated daily through sweat pores in the skin daily?

fatty or oily substance that lubricates the skin and preserves the softness of the hair.

aka: Acne vulgaris, a skin disorder characterized by chronic inflammation of the sebaceous glands

aka: pimple, is a small elevation on the skin that contains no fluild but may develp pus

is a raised, inflamed papule with a white or yellow center containing pus in the top of the lesion referred to as the head of the pimple.

what function of the skin protects the body from injury and bacterial invasion

What principal function of the skin lets the skin repond to heat, cold, touch, pressure, and pain by stimulating different sensory nerve endings

What principal function of the skin, protects the body from the environment; helps maintain a constant internal temperature?

What principal function of the skin, where perspiration from the sudoriferious glands is excreted through the skin?

What principal functions of the skin is where the sebum is screted by the sebaceous glands

what principle function of the skin, is where some ingredients can be absorbed by the outer layers of the skin, but very few ingredients can penetrate teh epidermis

What are the six classes of nutrients that the body needs?

What are the 5 basic food groups?

Supports the overall health of the skin and aids in the health, function, and repair of skin cells; it has been shown to improve the skin's elasticity and thickness

is an important substance needed for the proper repair of the skin and tissue; aids in and accelerates the skin's healing processes

enables the body to properly abosrb and use calcium, the element needed for proper bone develpment and maintenance; promotes rapid healing of the skin.

Helps protect the skin from the harmful effects of the sun's UV light; some people claim it helps to heal damage when taken by mouth

How much % does water compose of the bodies weight?