Phonemic awareness contributes most to the developement of phonics skills in beginning readers by helping them:
a. recognize different ways in which one sound can be represented in print
b. count the number syllables in a written word
c. identify in spoken word separate sounds that can be mapped into letters
d. understand the concept of a silent letter

A child picks up a book, opens it to the end and "pretend to reads". This child:
a. has well developed book handeling skills
b. knows where individual words begin and end
c. has an understandign that prints carries meaning
d. understands the concept of print direcitonality

A kindergarten teaches as students to repeat after her. She says the word grape, then says it as gr and ape. Next she says the word take then says it as t and ake. This activity encourages students to divide words into onset and rime.
True or falese?

A teacher shows student picture cards. First she asks the student to name the object. Then she asks the students to count on his fingers the number of sounds he says as he repeats the word. This activity promotes letter sound correspondence. True or false?

A teacher can most effectively support a first grader's rapid automatic word recognition by teaching students how to:
a. apply consistent phonics generalizations in common words
b. use context clues to determine word meaning
c. identify the constitutuent part of multisyllable words
d. look up unfarmiliar words in the dictionary

Which of the children would need immediate intervention?
a. a preschooler who has limited book-handling skills
b. a kindergartener who has limited ability to correlate alphabet letters with the sounds they make
c. a first graders who still reads texts composed of single-syllable regular words and common sight words
d. a second grade student who still decodes words letter by letter

Which of the following activities would be most important to include on a daily basis when planning reading instruction for first graders who are developing beginning readers?
a. activites that introduce the basic concepts of print
b. activites that emphasize listening to and producing rhyming, alliteration, and similar forms of word play
c. activites that promote students' development of decoding and other word analysis skills
d. activites the emphasize memorization of grade-level appropriate sight words

A first grade teacher reads a big book to a group of students. The teacher points to the beginning consonants of selected words and accentuates the sound the initial letter makes. This activity promotes the students ability to blend the sounds in words.
True or False?

An advantage of using assessment tools such as portfolios and scoring rubrics is that they:
a. provide more objective results than do multiple-choice tests
b. promote student participation in self-assessment activities
c. ensure consistency amoung different evaluators
d. offer more reliable assessment data

Having kindergarten children practice tracing letters in sand is most appropriate for children who are having difficulty:
a. internalizing alphabetic principal
b. recognizing that print carries meaning
c. understanding the relationship between spoken and written language
d. develop letter formation skills