Continuity Equation accounts for mass being conserved in the pipeline.
requires knowledge of the density and compressibility of the fluid
flow, pressure and temperatures

EQUATIONS IN SLIDE (7, LECTURE 3A)

Momentum Equation used to calculate the pressure drop due to the friction of fluid flow against the pipe wall.
friction pressure drop:
linearly proportional to the fluid density and friction factor
pipe diameter is the most significant design parameter: flow capacity and frictional pressure drop depend on d

Reynolds number--> the ratio of inertial forces to viscous forces
it increases as the flow velocity increases
Reynolds number classifies flow regimes:

Laminar flow
Critical flow
Turbulent flow:

partially turbulent ( smooth pipe law applies)
fully turbulent ( rough pipe law applies)

EQUATIONS FOR FRICTION IN (LECTURE 3 SLIDE 10)
MOODY DIAGRAM (LECTURE 3 SLDIE 11) --> relates friction to reynolds number using relative roughness
JAIN EQUATION (LECTURE 3 SLIDE 12)

most liquid hydrocarbon pipelines are operated in partially turbulent flow regimes, with the exception of ethylene and ethan flow with can be fully turbulent and heavy crude which my be laminar flow regime

Energy Equation accounts for the total energy of the fluid in and around the pipeline.
--> requires information regarding the flow, pressure, and fluid temperature along with conductivity and around temperatures
EQUATION (LECTURE 3 SLIDE 12)

Equation of State needed to define the relationship between product density or specific volume, pressure and temperature
EQUATION ( LECTURE 3, SLIDE 13)

	Created by Yasmina Moussa over 8 years ago

Normal-level (N-level) Transmission and Storage Note on System Hydraulics and Design A, created by Yasmina Moussa on 27/10/2015.