A mass attached to the lower end of a spring bounces up and down.
At which points in the path of the mass do the gravitational potential energy of the mass (GPE), the elastic potential energy in the spring (EPE) and the kinetic energy of the mass (KE) have their highest values?

• A

• B

• C

• D

When sound travels through air, the air particles vibrate. A graph of displacement against time for a single air particle is shown. Which graph best shows how the kinetic energy of the air particle varies with time?

• 

  A

• 

  B

• 

  C

• 

  D

Two identical loudspeakers are connected in series to an a.c. supply, as shown.
Which graph best shows the variation of the intensity of the sound with distance along the line XY?

The variation with distance x of the intensity I along a stationary sound wave in air is shown by the graph.
The speed of sound in air is 340 m s^–1. What is the frequency of the sound wave?

• A 1700 Hz

• B 2270 Hz

• C 3400 Hz

• D 6800 Hz

Plane wavefronts in a ripple tank pass through a gap as shown.
Which property of the wave will be different at Q compared with P?

• A velocity

• B frequency

• C amplitude

• D wavelength

The diagram shows a sketch of a wave pattern, over a short period of time.
Which description of this wave is correct?

• A The wave is longitudinal, has a wavelength of 20 cm and is stationary.

• B The wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 20 cm and is stationary.

• C The wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 40 cm and is progressive.

• D The wave is transverse, has a wavelength of 40 cm and is stationary.

The sound from a loudspeaker placed above a tube causes resonance of the air in the tube.
A stationary wave is formed with two nodes and two antinodes as shown.
The speed of sound in air is 330 m s^–1. What is the frequency of the sound?

• A 413 Hz

• B 550 Hz

• C 830 Hz

• D 1650 Hz

A student connects two loudspeakers to a signal generator.
As the student walks from P to Q, he notices that the loudness of the sound rises and falls repeatedly.
What causes the loudness of the sound to vary?

• A diffraction of the sound waves

• B interference of the sound waves

• C polarisation of the sound waves

• D reflection of the sound waves

The graph shows how the height of the water surface at a point in a harbour varies with time t as waves pass the point.
What are p and q ?

• A p = displacement; q = period

• A p = displacement; q = wavelength

• A p = amplitude; q = period

• A p = amplitude; q = wavelength

A student sets up apparatus to observe the double-slit interference of monochromatic light, as shown.
Interference fringes are formed on the screen. Which change would increase the distance between adjacent fringes?

• A Decrease the distance between the two slits.

• B Decrease the width of each slit.

• C Move the screen closer to the double-slit.

• D Use light of a higher frequency.

A stationary wave on a stretched string is set up between two points P and T.
Which statement about the wave is correct?

• A Point R is at a node.

• B Points Q and S vibrate in phase.

• C The distance between P and T is three wavelengths.

• D The wave shown has the lowest possible frequency.

The basic principle of note production in a horn is to set up a stationary wave in an air column.
For any note produced by the horn, a node is formed at the mouthpiece and an antinode is formed at the bell. The frequency of the lowest note is 75 Hz.
What are the frequencies of the next two higher notes for this air column?

• A first higher note = 113 Hz; second higher note = 150 Hz

• B first higher note = 150 Hz; second higher note = 225 Hz

• C first higher note = 150 Hz; second higher note = 300 Hz

• D first higher note = 225 Hz; second higher note = 375 Hz

A stationary wave is set up on a stretched string, as shown.
Which statement about the points on the string is correct?

• A Point Q vibrates with the largest amplitude.

• B Points P and R vibrate in phase.

• C Point S is an antinode.

• D The horizontal distance between R and S is half the wavelength.

A ray of light is incident on the surface of a glass block, as shown in the diagram.
The refractive index of the glass is 1.5.
The light ray changes direction when entering the glass.
What is the angle x through which the ray moves?

• A 30°

• B 28°

• C 17°

• D 15°

A ray of light travels from X to Y along an optical fibre. The angle of incidence at Y is greater than the critical angle.
In which direction does the ray of light travel after reaching point Y?

• A

• B

• C

• D

A ball floating in a ripple tank begins to move vertically up and down as a wave passes beneath it. The ball does not move horizontally. Which statement is correct?

• A Both energy and water are transferred in the wave direction.

• B Energy is not transferred in the wave direction but water is.

• C Energy is transferred in the wave direction but water is not.

• D Neither energy nor water is transferred in the wave direction.

A ray of light is incident on the surface of a glass block, as shown in the diagram.
The refractive index of the glass is 1.5.
The light ray changes direction when entering the glass.
What is the angle x through which the ray moves?

• A 30°

• B 28°

• C 17°

• D 15°

A wave pulse moves along a stretched rope in the direction shown.
Which diagram correctly shows the variation with time t of the displacement s of the particle P in the rope?

The table contains statements about stationary and progressive waves. Which row is correct?

• A

• B

• C

• D

Wave generators at points X and Y produce water waves of the same wavelength. At point Z, the waves from X have the same amplitude as the waves from Y. Distances XZ and YZ are as shown.
When the wave generators operate in phase, the amplitude of oscillation at Z is zero.
What could be the wavelength of the waves?

• A 2 cm

• B 3 cm

• C 4 cm

• D 6 cm

Two light waves of the same frequency are represented by the diagram.
What could be the phase difference between the two waves?

• A 150°

• B 220°

• C 260°

• D 330°