This is a timed quiz.
You have 30 minutes to complete the 60 questions in this quiz.
1.- Which configuration file defines GRUB 2 menu entries?
/boot/grub/menu.lst
/etc/grub.d/40_custom
/boot/grub2/grub.cfg
/etc/default/grub.cfg
2.- Which command regenerates the GRUB 2 configuration file?
update-grub
grub2-mkconfig
grub-install
grub-rebuild
3.- What is the function of /etc/default/grub?
Stores kernel modules
Sets default GRUB 2 parameters
Lists boot menu entries
Defines BIOS boot order
4.- Which command installs the GRUB 2 boot loader to a device?
grub2-install /dev/sda
update-grub /dev/sda
install-grub2 /dev/sda
bootctl install /dev/sda
5.- What is the role of the initrd or initramfs image?
Loads kernel modules needed to mount the root filesystem
Stores BIOS configuration
Contains the GRUB menu
Holds user login data
6.- Where is the MBR located on a disk?
First 512 bytes of the first partition
First 512 bytes of the disk
At the end of the disk
In /boot
7.- What does the BIOS do before loading GRUB?
Initializes hardware and reads the MBR
Loads the Linux kernel directly
Executes /sbin/init
Checks /boot/grub.cfg
8.- How do you add a custom GRUB 2 menu entry?
Edit /boot/grub2/grub.cfg directly
Add a script in /etc/grub.d/40_custom
Modify /etc/fstab
Use update-boot
9.- What command updates the bootloader configuration on Debian systems?
grub2-install
dpkg-reconfigure grub
bootctl update
10.- Which GRUB 2 command line option lets you edit boot parameters temporarily?
Press e
Press c
Press d
Press Esc
11.- In GRUB 2, what does the set root=(hd0,1) command do?
Mounts the root filesystem
Specifies which partition GRUB uses to load files
Starts the kernel
Loads the MBR
12.- Which file lists all kernels installed on a Debian system?
/etc/kernel.conf
/boot/ directory
/etc/default/kernel
/usr/lib/modules
13.- What does the GRUB command linux /vmlinuz do?
Loads kernel image into memory
Loads GRUB modules
Mounts root filesystem
Starts init process
14.- How can you restore GRUB 2 if it becomes corrupted?
Boot from live media and run grub2-install + grub2-mkconfig
Reinstall Linux
Run init 6
Format /boot
15.- Which GRUB 2 command boots the system after manual setup?
boot
run
exec
init
16.- What is the default timeout variable in /etc/default/grub?
GRUB_WAIT
GRUB_TIMEOUT
GRUB_DELAY
BOOT_TIMEOUT
17.- Which command in GRUB’s shell lists available partitions?
ls
show devices
devices
partlist
18.- What GRUB 2 feature allows password protection of menu entries?
set secure
password_pbkdf2
encrypt_menu
auth on
19.- Which directory contains GRUB 2 module files (*.mod)?
/usr/lib/grub/
/boot/grub2/i386-pc/
/etc/grub.d/
/sbin/grub/
20.- What command shows the current runlevel?
runlevel
systemctl status
who -r
initctl list
21.- In systemd, which command lists available targets?
systemctl list-units --type=target
systemctl targets
systemctl list-targets
initctl list-targets
22.- Which GRUB 2 directive sets the default boot entry?
GRUB_DEFAULT
GRUB_BOOT
DEFAULT_ENTRY
GRUB_ENTRY
23.- In GRUB, what does initrd /initrd.img specify?
The root filesystem
The initial RAM disk image
The boot partition
The kernel version
24.- What command lists the libraries required by a binary?
ldconfig
ldd
lslib
objdump
25.- Where are 64-bit libraries typically stored?
/usr/lib64
/usr/lib32
/lib
/usr/local/lib
26.- What does the /etc/ld.so.conf file specify?
Kernel module paths
Extra directories for shared libraries
PATH variable
Default runlevel
27,. Which command updates the library cache after installing a new library?
update-lib
libcache
reload-libs
28.- What is the default library cache file used by the dynamic linker?
/etc/ld.so.cache
/usr/lib/cache
/etc/lib.conf
/var/lib/ld.cache
29.- Which environment variable defines additional library search paths?
LD_PATH
LD_LIBRARY_PATH
LIB_PATH
SHLIB_PATH
30.- Which file lists all directories known to ldconfig?
/etc/ld.so.conf.d/
/usr/lib/ldconfig.d/
/var/lib/lib.conf
/etc/lib.paths
31.- What does the linker use to find shared libraries?
Symbol tables
SONAME
Library manifest
Header files
32.- How do you display the SONAME of a shared library?
objdump -p libname.so
ldconfig -p
nm libname.so
strings libname.so
33.- What is the purpose of symbolic links like libc.so.6 → libc-2.31.so?
Provide backward compatibility for linker resolution
Save disk space
Allow kernel modules to link
Compress libraries
34.- What command finds out which libraries are currently loaded by a running process?
cat /proc/<pid>/maps
ps aux
ls /proc/<pid>/fd
35.- Which file controls global dynamic linker options?
/etc/ld.so.conf
/etc/ld.so.preload
/usr/lib/ld.so.conf
36.- What does the program loader /lib64/ld-linux-x86-64.so.2 do?
Loads and links dynamic executables at runtime
Compiles C programs
Loads kernel modules
Runs shell scripts
37.- Which tool can you use to inspect dependencies of a shared library?
readelf -d
lsmod
objcopy
38.- What file extension identifies shared libraries on Linux?
.a
.lib
.so
.dll
39.- What is the role of static libraries?
Linked into programs at compile time
Loaded at runtime
Used by kernel only
Managed by ldconfig
40.- Which option links a program statically using gcc?
gcc -static
gcc --link
gcc --no-shared
gcc -nostdlib
41.- What command lists all shared libraries currently cached?
ls /usr/lib
ldconfig --list
42.- How can you temporarily preload a library when running a program?
LD_PRELOAD=/path/lib.so ./program
export LIB_PRELOAD
ldconfig --load
gcc -l preload
43.- What is the effect of removing /etc/ld.so.cache?
No libraries will be found until ldconfig runs
Libraries load faster
System won’t boot
Kernel panics
44.- What is contained in /lib directory?
Essential shared libraries needed for boot and basic commands
User libraries
Optional modules
Temporary files
45.- Which command displays the dynamic section of an ELF executable?
nm
objdump -x
46.- The .a library files are used for:
Dynamic linking
Static linking
Module loading
Shared memory
47.- What is a key advantage of dynamic linking?
Smaller binaries and easier updates
Faster startup time
Complete independence from libraries
Requires no runtime loader
48.- What command finds which executable would be run by default?
which
whereis
find
locate
49.- How can you determine whether a binary is statically or dynamically linked?
ldd binary
file binary
nm binary
strings binary
50.- What environment variable overrides the default dynamic linker?
LD_PRELOAD
LD_SO
LD_ASSUME_KERNEL
51.- Which command installs a .deb package directly?
dpkg -i
apt install
aptitude add
installpkg
52.- Which command lists all installed packages on a Debian system?
dpkg -l
apt list --repos
apt-get show
dpkg-query -a
53.- Which command removes a package but leaves configuration files?
dpkg -P
dpkg -r
apt purge
apt remove --purge
54.- What is the function of dpkg -P?
Purges package completely
Prints package info
Prepares a package
Patches dependencies
55.- Which command shows the files installed by a package?
dpkg -L package
dpkg -c package.deb
dpkg -S package
dpkg -p package
56.- Which file lists local APT repositories?
/etc/apt/sources.list
/etc/apt/repos.conf
/etc/apt/packages.conf
/var/lib/apt/cache
57.- What command updates the local APT package list?
apt update
apt upgrade
apt-cache
dpkg --refresh
58.- Which command upgrades all installed packages?
apt full-upgrade
apt-get install -u
dpkg -U
59.- Which command installs a package and dependencies?
apt-cache add
rpm -i
60.- What does the apt autoremove command do?
Removes unnecessary packages installed as dependencies
Deletes all old kernels
Removes orphaned files
Cleans the APT cache
