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Medications and dialysis

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Chronic Kidney Management

Chronic Kidney Management

Question 1 of 6

1

In CKD the disease progresses as the functioning 'pool' of nephrons declines. This leads to afferent arteriole dilation and efferent contraction. Progressive glomerular flow and pressure subsequently causes glomerular HTN and endothelial damage, which is expressed as glomerular sclerosis. Thus central effort to protect remaining functional glomeruli are?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Increased afferent vasodilation

  • Increased afferent vasoconstriction

  • Increased efferent vasodilation

  • Increased efferent vasoconstriction

  • Increasing systemic pressures

  • Reducing systemic pressures

Explanation

Question 2 of 6

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

The medications that help in slowing progression of CKD are?
-EPO is important as it is produced in the kidney and production falls as falls.
-Iron as Fe2+ intake is lowered in CKD and losses occur (blood tests, bleeding, ). Iron demand is also increased by EPO Rx.
-Folate, Vitamin B & Vitamin C.
-Phosphate binders- PO4 retention occurs with reducing GFR. Most hemodilaysis removes poory. Calcium binders () are an effective way of forming inabsorbable Ca3(PO4)2 for fecal excretion.
-Vitamin D is converted from inactive to active in the kidney. Vitamin D () promotes increased Ca2+ uptake which suppresses PTH and therefore reduces bone loss.
-ACE/ ARB's important for controlling systemic and flow.

Explanation

Question 3 of 6

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Other important medications in CKD are:
-Anti- agents: As a result of long-standing HTN, concentric LVH results which renders subendocardial ischaemic. Aggressive treatment of HTN and angina may: decrease angina, reduce LVH, reduce symptomatic LV Failure.
-Lipid Lower Agents: Hyperlipidaemia can be severe in , and accelerate atherosclerosis. Treatment is with .
-PPI's- help reduce GI ulceration, symptoms and aggravated .
-Na+/Bicarbonate as accompanies CKD, however risks include which may aggrevate HTN and LVF.

Explanation

Question 4 of 6

1

Indications for Renal Replacement Therapy include: hyperkalemia, fluid overload, uremia, acidosis, impaired creatinine clearance <10 and failure to correct with conservative methods.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 5 of 6

1

The principles of hemodialysis are:

Select one or more of the following:

  • Blood flows on one side of a semi-permeable membrane

  • The pores of the semi-permeable membrane allow water and small MW solutes to pass through

  • The pores of the semi-permeable membrane allow water and high MW solutes to pass through

  • The net rate cannot be manipulated by dialysate make-up

  • The net rate can be manipulated by dialysate make-up

Explanation

Question 6 of 6

1

Advantages of hemodialysis include:
-
-Higher potential
-
Advantages of PD include:
-
-Freer diet and fluid allowances
-
-No anticoagulation

Drag and drop to complete the text.

    doses
    losses
    Ambulatory
    Non Ambulatory
    Some days off
    Needle phobia
    More support
    Strict fluid restriction
    Gentler
    Peritonitis

Explanation

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