Flashcards on Neuroscience, created by erinkline on 10/04/2013.
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Created by erinkline
about 11 years ago
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Created by erinkline
about 11 years ago
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dermatome
gray matter
white matter
interneuron
projector neurons
reuptake is the process in which...
deactivation aka _______, is the process in which...
besides deactivation and reuptake, NT can be stopped by the process of _______ in which...
depolarization makes it ______ likely that an action potential will fire. While hyperpolarization makes it _____ likely.
when a neuron is at rest, the inside of the neuron is ______ in comparison to the outside
the action potential is created by a __________ current
temporal summation deals primarily with _________ while spacial summation deals with ______
in regards to spacial summation, the biggest action potential is produced when....
the choriod plexus is derived from _________ and produces __________.
choroid plexus is found within _________
epigenetic factors influence....
and can be....?
the NS works by...
Presynaptic membrane contains _______ that will receive ______________
the synaptic cleft separates which two structures
synaptic vesicles are ____ in shape and contain __________
synaptic vesicles are stored in which structure?
the postsynaptic receptor is the site in which...?
neurotransmitter synthesis can occur in either the ________ or the _________
peptide is a...
peptide transmitters are more _______ and must be synthesized in the ______ before transport
when an action potential reaches a voltage sensitive terminal it....
Ca++ molecules that enter the cell will bind with _______.
vesicles are made up of a _______ as well as ______
ionatropic receptors function by...
and thus allow...
metabotropic receptors do not have a _______
metabotropic receptors function by...
an influx of Ca++ in a cell will cause a NT to...
_____ potential causes the signal to maintain size
if a signal is big enough by the time it reaches the ________, then...
after the action potential, the membrane potential will go into a period known as what...?
the refractory period causes ____ channels to _____
what structure buffers the membrane of an axon from extracellular fluid?
signals are _____ by ______ in extracellular fluid
nodes of Ranvier
myelin definition and function
difference between multipolar neuron and multipolar interneuron
3 functional categories of neurons
interneurons associate ____ and _____ activity in the ____. They have lots of dendrites in order to ______ and ______ info.
motor neurons send signals from the _____ and the ____ to the _______.
the axons on motor neurons are ______ so that they can....
5 types of glial cells
schwann cells can form ____ of myelin
a oligodendroglial cell can form ____ of myelin.
the neuronal membrane seperates _______ from _______
the head of a phosolipid bilayer is ___________ meaning it has ______ regions.
the tail of the phosolipid bilayer is ________, meaning it has ______ regions.
the phosolipid heads will ______ to water, while the fatty acid tails will _______ to water.
the nucleus contains _______ and _______
the mitochondrion functions by...
the endoplasmic reticulum consists of folded layers of membrane in which ________ are assembled
the golgi body's purpose is to...
lysosomes contain ______, which function by...
this structure is like the skeleton of a cell and give it structure
tubules _____ molecules and contribute to helping the cell maintain its ______
mRNA is necessary because it relieves DNA from having to________.
one strand of gene serves as a template for...
when mRNA leaves the nucleus, it comes in contact with _____ inside the _______.
ribosomes link ______ together in an order specified by the ____
the primary structure of a protein is...
the secondary structure of a protein is either a _______ or a _______.
the tertiary structure of a protein involves the folding of _____ and _____ to form a _____.
the quaternary structure of a protein involves the combination of _______ to form a _______ _______.
Ultimately, proteins may end up in one of three destinations which are...
concentration gradient involves...
electrostatic gradient is driven by the ________ of a molecule and causes molecules to flow ______ their electrostatic gradients until charges are equally distributed
proteins have an overall ______ charge and are most concentrated ______ the cell.
Anions are _____ charged.
Cations are _____ charged.
the typical charge inside of the cell relative to the outside of the cell is ____ mV.
the voltage difference of a cell will be greatest ________ to the membrane
at rest ___ leaks through open channels
how is balance restored when a cell is at rest
co-transport implies...
countertransport implies
(at rest) K+/NA+ pumps out __ NA+ for every __K+
postsynaptic potential involves the _____ and ___ of ion channels
in order for a channel to be opened, what takes place?
when NA+ is moved through a newly opened channel into the cell, the membrane potential will change from ___ closer to ___.
excitatory post synaptic potential
If there are enough __________, the neuron will send a signal to other cells.
inhibitory postsynaptic potential
___________makes the neuron less likely to send a signal to other cells.
hyperpolarization
movement of ____ ions out of the membrane, and ___ in to the membrane results in hyperpolarization
postsynaptic potential occurs at the ______ and ______ of a neuron
postsynaptic potential is induced at _______________.
the signal is largest at the point in which ___________
3 features of postsynaptic potential
decremental conduction
passive potential
3 types of meninges
Tissues located within the _____ continuously secrete CSF
the total volume of CSF is equivalent to about _____________ and is overturned ___ times a day
Hydrocephalus
blood brain barrier is intended to...
capillaries in the brain lack _____ ____. This forces substances to come through the _____.
capillaries are wrapped in ___ ____.
who discovered the Golgi stain?
Camillo Golgi suggested the nerve net hypothesis which states...
Who discovered dendritic spines?
Santiago Cajal suggested the neuron hypothesis which states...
cell membrane function
dendrite function
cell body function
axon hilock location and function
axon purpose
buttons definition and function
Dualism (Descartes)
In regards to the theory of Dualism, what role did the pineal gland play?
Materialism (Darwin)
2 major cell types
why did muscles and the NS evolve simultaneously?
organisms with a nerve net characteristics (3)
organisms with a segmented nerve trunk are organized how?
ganglia
notochord
why is cross organization of the brain helpful
Mentalism
