May arise from aorta, above or below the main renal arteries

Where will the accessory renal arteries pass on the right side?

Is the RRV shorter than the LRV?

Where does the LRV course?

What is the normal arterial flow for the renals?

What is the normal venous flow for renals?

Trace the arterial flow in the renals?

The renal arteries enter the renal hilum and divide into?

The segmental arteries branch into?

Inter lobar arteries course around the renal pyramids giving rise to the ?

The accurate arteries branch into the?

What do the inter lobular arteries supply?

Trace the venous flow of the renals?

What are the indications for having a renal vascular duplex exam?

What pt prep do you have to have for a renal exam?

What transducer is utilized for a renal exam?

What is the protocol for a renal exam?

What do obtain when you look at the aorta?

What is the most important aortic PSV?

What should the Doppler angle be in a renal duplex exam?

What do you obtain when you look at the renals?

What is the average length of the kidneys?

Should the both kidneys measure the Same?

What is another name for the renal artery origin?

Where do you obtain the PSV and EDV in the renal parenchyma?

What is the formula used to calculate the renal to aortic ratio (RAR)?

RAR < 3.5

RAR > 3.5

Renal values with aortic disease will present with what measurements?

How do you calculate the Resistive Index for the renals?

What are the guidelines for the RI in the renals?

What is a common cause of HTN?

What is the most important sonographic diagnostic tool?

What test is used to definitively determine Renal Artery Stenosis?

If you are off 2 degrees over 60, how much % of error will you have?

What is the purpose of evaluating parenchymal flow patterns?

What will parenchymal disease result in?

Where are doppler wave forms obtained for parenchymal flow?

What is the second most common cause of renovascular HTN?

What are some characterstics of fibromuscular dysplasia?

pt presents with pain and hematuria, and they have an enlarged, hypoechoic kidney

pt is asymptomatic, and they have atrophic, hyperechoic kidney

known as a renal transplant

The donor kidney is placed in the ______ anterior to the _____?

In a Renal Allograft, where is the donor artery anastomosed?

In a Renal Allograft, where is the Renal Vein anastamosed?

What are some non-specific signs of allograft rejection?

How do you diagnose a Renal Allograft rejection?

After transplant, 25% of pts develop HTN

Rare complication due to surgical technique

Rare, biopsy is usually involved

What are 4 types of peritransplant fluid collections?

These are generally small and regress spontaneously, and they appear sonographically different depending on the age of the bleed.

These commonly develop 1-2 weeks after transplant, and have a anechoic appearance that will increase in size

These are the most common fluid collection that cause hydronephrosis, are a anechoic mass located medial to TX, and frequently contain septations

These take a few weeks to develop after surgery, and require drainage, and appear as irregular complex systic masses