Why do ethnic minorities underachieve?

What are the three aspects of this?

Intellectual/linguistic skills

Bereiter and Englemann

Evaluation

Attitudes and Values

Family structures and Parental support
(sociologists)

Moynihan

(support Moynihan)

Murray

Scruton

Pryce
(analysis)

Sewell

Biggest difference between Asian students and Black students

Black boys = subjects to powerful anti-school subculture - most boys in Sewell's study felt that pressure came from peers

Gangs offer black boys 'perverse loyalty and love' - presents boys with media-inspired anti-school black masculinity role models

Asian families

Lupton
(support)

White working-class families

McCulloch

Evans

Criticisms of cultural deprivation
(sociologists)

Driver

Lawrence

Keddie