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St. George's University - School of Medicine - First Term - Biochemistry

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Biochemistry - Lecture 24 - Structure and function of carbohydrates

Biochemistry - Lecture 24 - Structure and function of carbohydrates

Question 1 of 8

1

What is an example of an epimer?

Select one of the following:

  • Two sugars that are mirror images of each other.

  • Sucrose and Lactose

  • Mannose and Galactose

  • Glucose and Fructose

  • Glucose and Mannose

Explanation

Question 2 of 8

1

A 5 year old male patient is seen for difficultly with vision. After testing, diabetes is ruled out but the physician informs the parents that their child has a hereditary disease. As part of the treatment regimen the child must avoid consuming certain sugars, such as:

Select one of the following:

  • Maltose

  • Lactose

  • Glucose

  • Mannose

  • Starch

Explanation

Question 3 of 8

1

A healthy SGU medical student, Bob, is practising using CliniTest on his own urine. His fellow student, Alice, decides to prank Bob by adding sugar to Bob's sample when Bob is not looking. Much to Alice's disappointment, Bob's test does not indicate any sugar in his urine. What sugar did Alice use?

Select one of the following:

  • Maltose

  • Fructose

  • Sucrose

  • Lactose

  • Glucose

Explanation

Question 4 of 8

1

What is the type of linkage between the sugar and base of a nucleotide/nucleoside?

Select one of the following:

  • β-N-glycosidic linkage

  • α(1->4) glycosidic linkage

  • α-N-glycosidic linkage

  • β-O-glycosidic linkage

  • α(1->2) glycosidic linkage

Explanation

Question 5 of 8

1

A 2 year child is diagnosed with fructosuria and the physician recommends the child avoid consuming sucrose. Why is sucrose considered a non-reducing sugar?

Select one of the following:

  • Because carbon-1 of glucose and the carbon-2 of mannose are involved in the glycosidic linkage.

  • Sucrose cannot engage in mutarotation.

  • Sucrose does not have an available carbon-4.

  • The aldehyde of glucose and the aldehyde of fructose are not free.

  • Because sucrose cannot reduce copper from Cu3+ to Cu2+.

Explanation

Question 6 of 8

1

Which amino acid can support an N-linked glycosolation?

Select one of the following:

  • Serine

  • Threonine

  • Asparagine

  • Glutamine

  • Cysteine

Explanation

Question 7 of 8

1

A 60 year old female patient sees a physician at a walk-in clinic for a checkup. The patient is mostly healthy, but complains of constipation. The physician recommends increasing the patient's daily intake of dietary fibre. Why are humans unable to dietary fibre?

Select one of the following:

  • We can't digest β(1,4) glucose linkages of starch.

  • We can't digest β(1,4) fructose linkages of cellulose.

  • We can't digest α(1,4) glucose linkages of cellulose.

  • We can't digest β(1,4) glucose linkages of cellulose.

  • We can't digest β(1,4) glucose linkages of lactose.

Explanation

Question 8 of 8

1

A 2-year-old patient is suspected of having fructosuria, which is a hereditary intolerance of fructose. What sugar should the physician recommend the patient's parents avoid?

Select one of the following:

  • An aldose.

  • An isomer of fructose.

  • A sugar molecule with no free anomeric carbon.

  • An enantiomer of glucose.

  • A sugar with a β1→4 glycosidic linkage.

Explanation

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