Gas in air is a mix of:

Gas in the alveoli

Breath arrives at the Alveoli

Alveolar ventilation

Alveoli

Breath arrives at the alveoli

Blood arrives at the pulmonary capillaries

Ventilation –perfusion coupling

Ventilation-perfusion coupling

Gases diffuse down their concentration gradient
Equilibrium is never quite reached

Rate of diffusion

Transport of oxygen; first step

Transport of oxygen; second step

Oxygen Transport

Hemoglobin

Transport of oxygen
At alveoli
at tissue

Easier oxygen unloading from:

Carbon dioxide transport

CO2 transport: In the red blood cell:

Neural control of breathing

Control of Respiration

Peripheral stretch receptors

Neural control of Respiration

Control of Respiration

Chemoreceptors

Autonomic Nervous system controls perfusion & ventilation NOT rate & depth

Acid-base balance

Acids & Bases or Alkalise

pH

pH balance

Buffers

3 buffer systems

Bicarbonate buffer system

Other buffers

Respiratory effect on pH

Kidney effect on pH

Effect of Kidney function on pH