A note or two occurring BEFORE the first beat
Eg. Happy birthday song

When the accent or ornamentation is NOT on the first or third beat/ on the weaker beats

When the accent IS on the first and third bar

Two or more conflicting rhythms

Italian terms
Slowest to fastest

Gradually getting faster

The speed of which the chordal progression moves

When the notes of a chord are split up and played one at a time

A type of arpegio with a repeated pattern often in the left hand of piano accompaniment

A two chord progression that acts like a punctuation point in a musical phrase

Musical sentence - indicated by the pausing or rest of music

Shorter than a phrase

A part of melody that may be repeated, imitated, transposed and shared between instruments

Shape of the melody

Moves with an interval of a second

Moves with an interval of a third or more

A fragment or motif that is repeated at different pitches

A rapid alternation of two neighbouring pitches

A second or contrasting melody that is played at the same time as the main melody

A type of melodic construction with two sections; the first is not resolved and is the second develops the melodic material provided

A and B sections only

ABA structure

ABACAD

Single layer, one melodic line, unison

A melody line with a chordal accompaniment

Many melody lines playing at the same time

Melodic contour of two melodies are the same

Melodies move in opposite directions

Other word for tone colour

Wind instruments

Stringed instruments

Drums covered by a membrane

Percussion

Synonyms for mellow

Synonyms for bright

Synonyms for aggresive

synonym for reedy

Synonym for synthetic

Synonym for piercing

Synonym for dry

Synonym for grand

Synonym for breathy

Purpose of counter melody

Purpose of harmonic accompaniment

What to do when asked a tone colour question

Italian dynamic terms
Soft - Loud

Gradual increase in volume

Gradual decrease in volume

Sudden change in dynamic

Expressive: smooth and well connected

Expressive: Short and detached

Drawing out the full length of each note

Played with the bow

Plucked strings

When listening for unity:

When listening for contrast: