N401 Final

What is the PaO2 and Spo2 goal of O2 therapy?

When do we humidify O2?

Which O2 mask has a reservoir bag?

Which O2 gives the HIGHEST concentration of O2?

Which O2 mask has two one way valves?

Which O2 mask is HIGH flow?

Which O2 mask can deliver prescise O2 concentrations?

What puts you at risk for O2 toxicity?

IF a person needs high levels of O2 over more than 24 hours, what do we do?

Why are parygeal airways used?

Which pharyngeal airway is most commonly used in the OR?

While inserting ETT tube, if SpO2 drops <50%, what should be done?

What should be done if trach falls out?

In order for positive pressure ventilation like Cpap and Bipap to be used, what needs to occur?

when would cpap be used in ICU?

What does Bipap help control?

When would Bipap be used in hospital?

How does Bipap wor?

What are two negative pressure ventilators?

how does expiration occur with positive pressure control vents?

when volume cycled on a vent, what is the typical tidal volume used?

How does A/C vent work?

HOw fast can patient breathe with A/C vent?

How does SIMV vent work?

Why is SIMV used?

SIMV is typically used during the _____ and A/C is typically used at _____ to decrease fatigue

How does pressure support work?

Which medical condition does well with pressure support?

WHat happens to the lungs on PEEP?

What is normal PEEP range?

WHen should PEEP not be used?

What are PEEP side effects?

If you suspect a problem with the vent, what should you do?

The ventilator bundle helps prevent pneumonia. What is it?

What is barotrauma?

What vent complication occurs when patient's fight the vent?

How often is mouth care done on a vent?

What commonly causes respiratory acidosis?

What commonly causes respiratory alkalosis?

What commonly caues metabolic alkalosis?

What commonly causes metabolic acidosis?

ARF Type I is a failure of:

ARF Type II is a failure of:

What 3 things cause ARF?

What causes Type I ARF?

What things cause Type II ARF?

What is V/Q misatching?

What is intrapulmonary shunting?

What is the overall hallmark of ARF?

What meds treat ARF?

What is a consequence of over-feeding?

What is the most severe form of Acute Lung Injury?

WHat causes ARDS?

What are direct causes of ARDS?

What are indirect causes of ARDS?

What occurs in the exudative acute phase of ALI?

What are s/s of the exudative acute phase of ALI/ARDS?

What are s/s of the proliferative phase of ALI/ARDS?

What does an XRAY of ARDS show?

How are breath sounds effected by ARDS?

What size tidal volume should vent be set to for ARDS?

What positioning helps ARDS patients?

how often is suctioning done on ARDS patient?

When is community pneumonia diagnosed?

What are s/s of pneumonia?

What does CXR of penumonia show?

How is patient positioned with aspiration pneumonia?

What is the #1 sign of a PE? others?

How do we diagnose a PE?

How do we atreat PE?

With a PE, how long is patient on bedrest?

WHat is a Greenfield FIlter?

What is the Monroe Kellie Doctrine?

What are the three components of the brain?

What is autoregulation in reference to the brain?

What is the Cerebral Perfusion Pressure (CPP?)?

How do we measure CPP?

What 3 things does the GCS look at?

Decorticate vs Decerebrate?

What indicates brainstem functioning?

What is the Oculocephlalic reflex?

What is the oculovestibular reflex?

What is normal ICP?

How long can ICP be elevated above 20 before damage occurs>?

What is contraindicated for contrinuous ICP monitoring?

What should ICP drainage look like?

Which diuretic is used to decrease ICP?

What is Cushing's Triad?

How do we manage intracranial HTN?

What is normal MAP?

With neuro patients, what is given for HTN?

A mild TBI has a GCS of what?

A severe TBI has a GCS of what?

Which systems are important to monitor if spinal injury occurs high up?

What's the quickest way to assess TBI in ER?

What are the two most common secodary injuries of TBI?

How do we treat ischemic strokes?

What is FAST?

What's the most obvious sign of a subarrachnoid hemmorrhage?

What fluids do we give for traumas?

Which blood is the universal donor?

What does AMPLE stand for?

The higher up the spinal cordi njury is...

What occurs with anterior cord syndrome?

What are s/s of central cord syndrome?

What are s/s of brown sequard syndrome?

What is hyperflexion?

what is hyperextension?

what is axial loading?

What are 3 complications of spinal cord injuries?

What occurs with spinal shock?

What are s/s of autonomic dysreflexia?

What causes autonomic dysreflexia?

What injury requires a halo brace?

What causes flail chest?

What's unique about a ruptured diaphragm?

What's important with pneumo care?

What is auscultated with pneumo?

What is chest tube suction always set to?

Is tidaling normal?

If chest tube is a wet seal, what should we see?

What is cardiac tamponade?

What is Beck's Triad?

What are the EAST guidelines?

What is Cullen's sign?

What is Gray TUrner sign?

What is Kehr's sign?

What is FAST?

What's the downside of ultrasounds in trauma?

Which injury is usually associated with a GU problem?

what are s/s of pelvic fracture?

When is surgery for pelvic fracture done?

What is myoglobinuria?

how do we treat myoglobinuria?

how do we treat compartment syndrome?

What is the biggest complication of burns?

how long does damage continue with chemical burn?

what's unique about electrical burns?

which body parts offer the most resistance to electricity?

what s/s do we look for with an above the glottis inhalation injury?

When should above glottis inhalation injury be intubated?

How do we treat below glottis inhalation injury?

which burn is the most painful?

what does skin of second degree deep partial thickness look like?

what are s/s of second degree superficial burn?

what tissue does third degree burn involve?

what are s/s of third degree burn?

what is the most accurate way to determine BSA of burn?

What is the Rule of Nines?

what pain meds are used for burns?

what are s/s of burn shock/hypovolemic shock?

What is the gold standard output for burn victims?

What is the Parkland Formula?

how does body appear with carbon monoxide poisoning?

What's an autograft?

What's an allograft?

How do we cover burn en route to ER?

What is a xenotransplant?

what are 3 cardinal findings of brain dead?

what is the only contraindication to being an organ donor?

What antigen is checked to see if rejection is likely to occur?

what drug is commonly given to preserve an organ donor?

What is the likely cause of chronic transplant rejection?

Which dialysis can be done if patient is NOT stable?

how often is hemodialysis done?

If a hemodialysis AV fisutla is in an arm, what CAN'T be done?

what should be checked on a AV fistula for dialysis?

What are diet restrictions on hemodialysis?

What is the most common complication of dialysis?

What dialysis can be done at home with no machine?

what are the 3 phases of peritoneal dialysis?

How long do it take for peritoneal dialysis to show results?

Who can't receive CRRT?