Why was becoming Christian considered an act of disloyalty in the Roman Empire?
(A) Rome required all citizens to learn about all world religions.
(B) Rome had a strong monotheistic tradition.
(C) Christians could not worship the emperor as a deity.
(D) Christian theology demanded that all people live in a Christian utopia.
One of the most enduring consequences of the Roman Empire has been the
(A) tradition of peaceful regime change.
(B) suppression of many barbarian groups.
(C) persistence of the Roman system of mathematics.
(D) Romanization of the western Mediterranean.
Which factor most contributed to the development of "pax romana"?
(A) Roman military might
(B) the growth of commerce
(C) the leadership of rulers like Augustus
(D) thousands of miles of well-built roads
The main reason for the decline of the Roman Republic was
(A) military leaders with armies loyal to them rather than the state.
(B) an impoverished population.
(C) political decentralization.
(D) ongoing wars in trying to expand to an empire.
A significant difference in Roman expansion versus Greek was that Romans:
(A) did not impose taxes.
(B) extended citizenship in degrees to most conquered populations.
(C) did not have a standardized language.
(D) conquered only to obtain slaves.
Which of the following was a motivation for the expansion of the Roman Empire?
(A) the spread of Roman religion
(B) the wealth of the Eastern Mediterranean societies
(C) rejection of Greek culture and philosophy
(D) slave revolts
When Germanic tribes entered into the western part of the Roman Empire, they
(A) sparked a rapid economic recovery by encouraging the resumption of long-distance trade.
(B) founded a hybrid culture drew both on Germanic and Roman elements.
(C) rejected all of Roman culture, instead imposing their own culture.
(D) were rapidly assimilated into Roman culture, largely abandoning their own.
The Roman patron-client relationship:
(A) applied primarily to the business sector
(B) defined a state of reciprocity between the weak and the strong
(C) allowed for an approximate equality between people of different classes
(D) led to the end of the role of the paterfamilias
The Roman imperial policy toward the Christians in the first and second centuries can best be described as
(A) disinterested and suspicious.
(B) moderate and ambivalent.
(C) distrustful and repressive.
(D) tolerant and open-minded.
Although slaves in the Roman Empire performed all work, from the most prestigious to the most degrading, they were prohibited from
(A) practicing medicine.
(B) serving in the military.
(C) working in government.
(D) conducting business.
Which of the following were the more important Han innovations?
(A) alcohol, the wheel, and glass.
(B) the horse collar, the watermill, and the crossbow.
(C) the canal, the three-field system, and concrete.
(D) the saddle, penicillin, and bronze.
Which of the following is not generally considered a contributing factor to the fall of the Han Empire?
(A) Attacks by non-Chinese from across the frontiers
(B) The frustration of hungry peasants
(C) Corruption within the government
(D) The subversive ideas of Buddhism
Which of the following was a primary reason for the fall of the Qin Empire upon the death of Shi Huangdi?
(A) Te provincial aristocracy was complacent.
(B) Shi Huangdi's son was a weak ruler.
(C) Incorporation in the empire of different ethnicities.
(D) Unification of the nomads under Maodun.
The competition among states in the Warring States Period resulted in
(A) the escalation of violence against the upper classes.
(B) the creation of the first empire under the Qin state.
(C) peasant rebellions.
(D) an enormous tax increase.
The Han philosophy of rule was
(A) a continuation of Qin policies with a return to Confucian values.
(B) the high point of legalism.
(C) dependent upon the constant and unrelenting use of terror.
(D) dependent upon the social and political activism of Daoist ministers of state.
All of the following were policies of Qin Shi Huangdi's rule except
(A) building protective walls.
(B) support of traditional learning.
(C) huge public works projects.
(D) strong centralized rule.
Which of the following describes how Confucianism affected Chinese society?
(A) The civil service examination system was based on Confucian texts.
(B) Confucianism was adopted as the state religion of China.
(C) Confucianism encouraged individualistic values.
(D) Confucianism challenged social and gender hierarchies.
Which of the following was true of both the Roman and the Chinese Empires?
(A) They consistently failed to invest in public works.
(B) They invoked supernatural sanctions to support their rule.
(C) Their economies relied heavily on slave labor.
(D) They exhausted themselves through frequent indecisive wars with India.
Social divisions in the Roman Empire, compared to south Asian caste, were
(A) nonexistent
(B) more generally based on race
(C) more simplistic and mobile
(D) simple but more rigidly defined
