Official Statistics

A victim survey or a victimisation survey.

Offender survey

Offender profiling (criminal profiling)

The top-down approach
(US Model)

Organised Offender

Disorganised Offender

The bottom-up approach
(UK Model)

Investigative Psychology

Geographical Profiling

Atavistic Form
(Lombroso)

Define eugenic

Eysenck's theory of criminal behaviour
(psychological but has biological basis.)

(Cognitive explanations for offending)
Kohlberg's theory

Neural Explanations

Sutherland's Differential association theory

-Custodial sentencing
-Deterrence

-Recidivism
-Retribution

-Rehabilitation

-Psychological factors of custodial sentencing

Behaviour modification

Anger management
(a form of CBT)

Stages of Anger Management.

Restorative justice

Problems in defining crime.

Ways of measuring crime

Evaluation of defining and measuring crime

What is used in the Top Down Approach?