A scientific method of making a woman pregnant, which does not involve sex. Conception occurs via sperm and egg being placed into a test tube.

A woman’s egg is fertilised artificially by another woman’s partner or created through IVF. The embryo is then inserted into the ‘host woman.’

Sperm is medically inserted into the vagina to assist pregnancy. This could be Artificial Insemination by Donor (AID – using donor sperm) or Artificial Insemination by Husband (AIH – the husband’s sperm is used.