Daniel Brand
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Biology (Biological Molecules) Quiz on Biological Molecules and Tests, created by Daniel Brand on 16/02/2017.

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Biological Molecules and Tests

Question 1 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of Calcium, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Ability to see clearly in low light.

  • Rigidity of structures such as teeth.

  • Conduction of action potentials.

  • Muscle contraction.

  • Osmotic pressure of cells.

  • Blood clotting.

  • Cell wall development.

  • Aid in lipid digestion and absorption.

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

describes the phenomenon of when water molecules to stick together. is what describes when water is more attracted to itself than to surrounding media.

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

1

Why is water's state at room temperature so essential to life? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • It forms a habitat that animals can move through.

  • Tissues repel water so they don't become hypertonic.

  • It's a good solvent so a good reaction medium and transport medium.

  • It sinks when solidified.

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

1

Fill the blank spaces to complete the text.

Water's high thermodynamic stability is illustrated in its specific heat , which means it heats up , and heat of , meaning it has a boiling temperature.

Explanation

Question 5 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of Sodium, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Maintenance of osmotic pressure.

  • Reabsorption of water from the nephron tubule.

  • Aid in carbohydrate absorption.

  • Aid in lipid absorption from the gut.

  • Electrical impulse transmission.

  • Glucose breakdown.

Explanation

Question 6 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of hydrogen ions, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Photosynthesis.

  • Establishing pH.

  • Respiration.

  • Maintaining free radicals.

  • Solvent.

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

1

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Water molecules are held together by ( hydrogen bonds, weak intermolecular forces, ionic bonds, London forces ). This is thanks to oxygen's ( electronegativity, larger size, abundance in air, charge ), which means that the oxygen region of the molecule is slightly more ( negative, positive, thermodynamically stable, thermodynamically unstable ) than the hydrogen regions. Water is said to be a ( polar, reactive, electron-dense, nonpolar ) molecule.
( Hydrogen bonding, Electronegativity, Ionic bonding, Covalent bonding ) is the attraction between ( slightly negative oxygen, slightly larger oxygen, slightly negative hydrogen, slightly positive hydrogen, charged oxygen ) atoms and ( slightly positive hydrogen, slightly positive oxygen, slightly negative hydrogen, slightly smaller hydrogen ) atoms, and explains why water is a ( liquid, vapour, solid, gas ) at room temperature, despite its small size.

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of ammonium ions, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Protein synthesis

  • Present in chlorophyll

  • Nucleic acids

  • Hormone production

  • Vitamin absorption

  • Maintaining oncotic pressure

  • Recycling of plasma

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of nitrate ions, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Protein synthesis

  • Part of vitamins

  • Form nucleic acids

  • Important role in nitrogen cycle

  • Found in chlorophyll

  • Regulation of pH

  • Reabsorption of glucose from nephron tubule

  • Functional group in haemoglobin

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

1

Water is at its most dense at 4 degrees C.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

1

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Not all ( disaccharides, monosaccharides ) are reducing sugars, but no non-reducing sugars are ( monosaccharides, disaccharides, polysaccharides ).

Explanation

Question 12 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of chloride ions, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Maintenance of pH in stomach

  • Production of urine in kidney

  • Protein synthesis

  • Nucleic acids

  • Hormone secretion and regulation

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

1

Benedict's Solution is commonly used to test for reducing sugars.

Select one of the following:

  • True
  • False

Explanation

Question 14 of 22

1

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When testing for a reducing sugar with alkaline copper(II) sulphate, the reducing agent is ( the reducing sugar, starch, copper(II) sulphate, hydrogen ions ). At a temperature of ( 80, 100, 75, 25 ) degrees C, for a duration of ( 3 minutes, 1 minute, 20 seconds, 45 seconds ), ( Cu2+, Cu3+, Cu+ ) is is reduced to ( Cu+, Cu2+, Cu3+, Cu ), by gaining ( an electron, two electrons, a protons ). The new, reduced ion forms ( copper oxide, copper hydroxide, copper(I) sulphate, copper ), which precipitates. The colour change is from ( blue, colourless, white, orange, green ) to ( red, orange, green, blue, colourless ), and the degree of colour change is proportional to the concentration of reducing sugar.

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

1

You have a biological sample, which has been ground up into a uniform consistency. You then add iodine solution in potassium iodide, and notice that the mixture goes from a yellow colour to a dark blue/black. What conclusions can you draw from the reaction?

Select one or more of the following:

  • Iodine is forming triiodide ions.

  • Starch is present in the sample.

  • The lights have been dimmed.

  • There are reducing sugars in the sample.

  • Iodine is forming diiodide ions.

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

1

Which of the following are among the MOST important functions of phosphate ions, biologically? Check all that apply.

Select one or more of the following:

  • Rigidity of structures such as teeth.

  • Present in phospholipids.

  • Present in nucleic acids.

  • Maintenance of pH.

  • Cell wall development in plant cells.

  • Hormone secretion and regulation.

  • Present in important enzymes.

  • Required for root growth.

  • Required for leaf health.

Explanation

Question 17 of 22

1

A biuret test is used to detect the presence of...

Select one or more of the following:

  • Proteins

  • Reducing sugars

  • Non-reducing sugars

  • Lipids

  • Alcohols

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

1

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Lipids are tested for by the test.

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

1

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Before testing for non-reducing sugars, you should test for ( reducing sugars, lipids, pH, actin and/or myosin ). Next, boiling the sample ( with hydrochloric acid, in water, in alkaline solution, with Benedict's Solution ) ensures ( hydrolysis, polymerisation, condensation ) of the sugars. Then, cool and neutralise with ( sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium hydroxide, sodium chloride ) solution.
If there were any non-reducing sugars in the sample, they will have been converted into ( reducing sugars, glucose, water and carbon dioxide, energy in the form of ATP ), which you can now test for. A ( positive, negative ) result will indicate the presence of non-reducing sugars in the original sample.

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

1

A colorimeter works by...

Select one of the following:

  • Measuring the light absorption of a specific wavelength by a sample.

  • Measuring the light emittance of a specific wavelength by a sample.

  • Measuring the amount of white light that can pass an opaque sample.

Explanation

Question 21 of 22

1

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To test for lipids, first mix thoroughly with ( ethanol, water, hydrocarbon solvent, ammonium solution ). Then, after ( filtering, decanting, distilling, extraction ), pour the mixture into ( water, ethanol, hydrocarbon solvent, Tollens Reagent ). A positive result is indicated by a ( cloudy white, cloudy red, clear blue, clear and colourless ) emulsion.

Explanation

Question 22 of 22

1

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The two reagents needed to test for proteins are ( sodium hydroxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, hydrochloric acid, ethanol ) and ( copper sulphate, ammonia, benzoic acid, magnesium sulphate ). The goal is to see whether ( copper, ammonium, hydroxide, magnesium ) ions form a complex with ( peptide, amine, ester, polymer ) bonds. A colour change from ( blue, colourless, purple, pale yellow ) to ( purple, dark blue, brown, light blue ) indicates a positive result.

Explanation

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