Tick the word that DOESN'T describe the properties of a material.
Strength
Hardness
Plasticity
Brittleness
Durability
Anthropometric
What is meant by "brittle"?
the material is likely to bend and break
the material is sharp
the material is rough and dull
What is meant by "malleable"?
the material can be moulded
the material is plastic
the material will not bend
What is meant by "ductile"?
the material can be drawn into wires
the material makes a noise when you hit it
the material is naturally shiny
Which of the following products would NEED to be hard?
A file
A lunchbox
A children's toy
Which of the following products would NEED to be durable?
Cutlery
A bon bon sweet
Paper
Why does the size of a product affect the material you make it from? SELECT TWO
Because many materials are made in standard sizes
It could be too expensive for the consumer to buy if made from a certain material
Because some companies get measurements wrong
Select the correct description for Cartridge paper
high quality textured surface, which makes it good for sketching, ink and watercolours
translucent and is used to copy images
has an ergonomic shape
Select the correct description for Layout paper
strong, thin and translucent and is used for general design work
high quality textured surface which makes it good for sketching, inks and watercolours
the thickest paper you can buy
Select the correct description for Grid paper
has a square or isometric pattern printed onto it. Good for presentation drawings and orthographic (3D) drawings
translucent. good for initial sketches
high quality textured surface, great for sketching, inks and watercolours
What is primary packaging?
the packaging directly around the product
the packaging that is assembled first
the most durable part of the product
What is secondary packaging?
packaging that protects the product in transit
the second version of the packaging
the thinnest layer of packaging
Select the correct description of Solid White Board
high quality bleached surface which is ideal for printing
board made from 50% recycled materials
board below 200gsm
Select the correct description of Corrugated Board
has a fluted inner core sandwiched between two outer layers
a high quality bleached surface, ideal for printing
the only board that never contains recycled materials
Select the correct description of Duplex Board
a different colour and texture on each side - one is usually smooth and bleached for printing
fluted inner core sandwiched between two outer layers
board made from card
Describe lamination
adding a layer of another material
waterproofing a product
making a product's surface more shiny
What material may be laminated onto another for food cartons?
aluminium foil onto paper
acrylic onto board
aluminium foil onto another layer of aluminium
Why might an orange juice carton be made from paper and laminated with aluminium foil? SELECT TWO
To keep flavours in and air out
So you can print graphics onto the paper
Because aluminium foil is reflective and malleable
Because aluminium foil tastes better than paper
What is a composite?
A composite is made up of two or more materials
A composite is another word for an alloy
A composite is something that is biodegradable
Why might the inside of a paper cup be laminated with polythene?
To waterproof it
So you can print on it
To prevent the drink tasting of paper
Why are softwoods cheaper than hardwoods?
they grow very quickly
softwood trees produce more seeds
they grow in hot climates
Hardwoods are denser and harder than softwoods
Which of the following is NOT a hardwood?
Beech
Mahogany
Scots pine
Which of the following is NOT a softwood? SELECT TWO
Ash
Spruce
Fir
Teak
What happens after a tree is cut down in a sustainably managed forest?
Other trees will be planted to replace it
All parts of the tree will be recycled
A wildlife reserve will be set up there
After the bark is removed, the tree is sawn (cut) up. Suggest how the way it is sawn affects the wood planks. SELECT TWO
It affects the appearance (the grain)
How much they're likely to bend or warp
How much they'll cost on the open market
Whether they'll be a hardwood or not
Wood is seasoned by drying it. This makes the wood stronger. Why might a plantation owner want the wood to be strong?
So that it is less likely to rot, bend or snap
To give it the appearance of a more expensive wood
To make it easier to stack for transit
Rough Sawn Wood isn't smoothed after it's cut. What affect does this have?
Makes it cheaper
Makes it have more "knots"
Makes it significantly harder to transport
Why might Rough Sawn Wood be used in construction work where it is not visible?
Because it is not as aesthetically pleasing as other types of woods
Because it is dangerous
Because it is easy to hammer nails into
Select all of the things wood can be finished with to protect it
Woodstain
Oil
Paint
Polyurethane varnish
Ethanol
Rubber
A metal casing
Emulsion paints are cheap, but they are water based. Why is this a disadvantage?
They don't protect wood from water
They don't look as nice as oil based paints
It damages the environment
Woodstains don't offer much protection. What could be applied over the top of the stain to protect the wood?
Varnish
Aluminium foil (laminated)
Duplex board
Emulsion paint
Why might a large, hardwood dining table be finished with a clear varnish rather than paint?
To preserve and display the natural grain of the wood
It's cheaper
It looks more expensive
What is a veneer?
A thin layer of good quality wood
A type of varnish
The type of wood used for skirting boards and beams
Why might plywood be finished with a veneer? Select the WRONG answers
To make it more aesthetically pleasing (as plywood looks cheap and doesn't have nice natural grain)
To add strength
To make it cheaper
To make the wood more malleable
Plywood is a cheap alternative to Hardboard
Plywood is very strong for its weight compared to wood
Which of the following is the strongest?
Plywood
Blockboard
Chipboard
MDF
Hardboard
Why might you seal a board first before painting it?
Otherwise the cut edges will soak up too much paint so that they need several coats
To make the paint shinier
You can't finish a board with a hardwood veneer the same as timber
Why is plywood good for curved furniture?
It can be bent
It is ductile
It is durable
It has is coated with a smart alloy
Plywood is used for...
Building and general construction
Tabletops
Pianos
Alto saxophone cases
Hardboard is used for...
Clipboards
Bedframes
MDF Board is used for...
Shelves and furniture
Chipboard is used for...
Tabletops and cheap furniture
Only shelves
What does it mean if a metal is ferrous?
It contains iron
It is an alloy that conducts electricity
It rusts easily
It is brittle
Copper is harder than brass as it is more pure
What is an alloy?
A mixture of two or more elements - one of which is a metal
Another word for a veneer
A metal that is a good conductor of electricity
When a metal is extracted from the earth, it is not pure. What is it?
A metal ore
An alloy
A veneer
Why are metals refined?
To get rid of impurities
To make them more ductile
To make them conduct electricity better
To make them more aesthetically pleasing
Select all of the non-ferrous metals
Cast iron
Stainless steel
Silver
Brass
Pewter
Aluminium
Mild steel
Iron
Describe the process of casting a metal
Pouring the metal into a mould and waiting for it to cool
Hitting it repeatedly at high temperatures
Pulling the metal into wires
Heat treatments soften or toughen metals
What are the effects of annealing a metal?
It is left to cool slowly. This makes it softer, more ductile and less brittle
It is rapidly cooled. This makes it softer, less ductile and less brittle
It is combined with at least two other metals, changing its properties
How is a metal hardened?
Heating and rapidly cooling a metal makes it harder
Slowly heating a metal and letting it bubble makes it harder
Cutting a metal into thin shavings and compressing them makes it harder
Select all of the ways a metal can be coated for protection
Painting
Plastic Coating
Plating
Lacquering
Splicing
Annealing
Tempering
Describe the effects of tempering a metal
Makes it tougher and less likely to break
Gives it elastic properties
Gives it a higher melting point
I want to make a metal harder, stronger more durable. Select two processes that could achieve this.
Hardening
Ferrousation
Tarnishing and oxidising give a metal a shiny, lustrous finish
Name the process used to plate metals
Electrolysis
Lamination
Select the following properties that make a metal appropriate for outdoor use.
Durable
Hard
Won't rust
Corrosion resistant
Malleable
Ductile
Veneer
Ferrous
Thermoplastics cannot be recycled
Select three examples of Thermoplastics
Acrylic
Polystyrene (Styrofoam)
Acetate
Urea Formaldehyde
Glass Reinforced Plastic
Why is acrylic good for making signs?
It's water resistant
It comes in a variety of colours
It can't be melted or bent
it is cheap
It's made of several different carbon chains
I want to make a vinyl record. Suggest a plastic I could use.
PVC
Styrofoam
Epoxy resin
Barbie wants their dolls to be vacuum formed in the packaging. Suggest a plastic they could use
High impact polystyrene
I want a see through, flexible material for some packaging. Which plastic would you suggest I use?
Why is Urea Formaldehyde used for plug sockets?
Good electrical insulator
Isn't reflective
Doesn't come in a range of colours
Cheap
Melamine Formaldehyde is strong and scratch-proof. Tick the appropriate things that it could be used for
To laminate chipboard
For plates and bowls
For vacuum forming
To insulate packaging
Polyesters (such as PET) are used for seethrough chilled drinks bottles. Which of the following properties make it good for this?
Light
Strong
Has a high melting point
Rigid
Plastics are made from Crude Oil. Crude Oil is a renewable natural resource which is why plastics are so cheap
Give examples of standard forms of plastics
Films and rolls
Foam
Sheets
Rods
Tubes
Granules
Why can't you recycle Urea Formaldehyde, a thermosetting plastic?
Because it isn't cost effective
Once you've moulded them, they can't be melted or reshaped again
It is not weather resistant
It is a good electrical insulator
What is used to make ceramic products?
Clay
Crude Oil
Wood chips
How could you make a ceramic water-tight?
Glazing
Electroplating
How do you harden clay?
Heating them to high temperatures
Freezing them
Mixing with another element (e.g aluminium oxide)
What is the name of this symbol?
British Standards Kitemark
WEEE Symbol
Sacred Heart
Registered Electrical Insulator Tag
What does this symbol mean?
It has been independently tested and conforms to the British Standards and is therefore safe and reliable
The product is an electrical insulator and so will not electrocute the user
The product can be recycled
The product is vegan and did not harm any animals in the manufacturing process
What is the meaning of this symbol?
The product has been independently tested by the BSI and is in accordance with the British Standards, meaning it is safe and reliable
The product meets all of the requirements of European Legislation
The product is patented, but only in Europe
The product does not have exposed electrical elements
Registered Trade Mark
Trade Mark
Copyright
What is the difference between this symbol and ™?
™ can be used by anyone, whereas ® can only be used if the product, symbol or name has been registered with a national trademark office
® can be used by anyone, whereas ™ can only be used if the product, symbol or name has been registered with a national trademark office
There is no difference
® can only be used for physical objects, not names or symbols
All fixings are permanent
I want to stick things together quickly. Which fixing should I use?
Double sided sticky pads
Snap rivets
Ratchet rivets
I want to use a fixing to fasten a coat. Select the 2 fixings that would be appropriate for this use
Press stud fastenings
Magnets
Velcro pads
Prong paper fasteners
Treasury tags
Staples
Drawing pins
Hooks
What is the advantage of saddle stitching a book over spiral or comb binding a book?
You can open the book flat
It uses metal instead of plastic
Most books are made from saddlestitching
It's harder to tear the book apart
What is the DISadvantage of saddle stitching a book over spiral or comb binding a book?
Saddle stitched books can't hold many pages
Saddle stitching uses metal rather than plastic
Iron is ferrous
You can't lie the book flat
Select the advantages of using perfect binding over thread-sewing (for a book)
You can bind lots of sheets
It's more expensive
It's a hardback
It's less expensive
Select the DISadvantages of using perfect binding over thread-sewing (for a book)
The pages are more likely to come loose
Perfect binding requires qualified experts whereas thread-sewing doesn't
Perfect binding is less recyclable than thread-sewing
Select three types of permanent fixing
Velcro
Standard components are pre-manufactured parts
Why are standard components mass produced?
So they are available at a low cost to manufacturers
To increase manufacture time
To make sure the components can be widely recycled
Select the ways that standard components make manufacturing less expensive
Saves time - makes it more efficient
Specialist machinery isn't needed
CAD/CAM machines do not recognise standard components
Standard components do not rust
Give three standard components used in the textile industry
Zips
Threads
Buttons
Cake decorations (e.g sugar sprinkles)
Gears
Stock cubes
Knock down fittings are wood or card fittings that enable furniture to be assembled and taken apart again easily
Knock down fittings are convenient because...(SELECT THREE)
They are very fast to use
They can be assembled using screwdrivers and/or allen keys
You don't need to have much expertise to use them
They're made of metal
They can't be used for fabrics
They don't stain
Smart materials react to their environment
Why might a supermarket use cornstarch polymers for their shopping bags instead of polyethylene?
Cornstarch polymers are biodegradable
Cornstarch polymers are less sustainable
They aren't flexible
They're clear
What do thermochromic materials do?
Change colour with heat
Change shape with heat
Are heat resistant
Shrivel when cold
Change colour when chloride + heat are applied
Give one use of thermochromic materials
Warning patches
General construction and building
Packaging
What do quantum tunnelling composites do?
A polymer that is normally an electrical insulator that conducts electricity when squashed
Create a vacuum when electricity is applied
Change texture with heat
Give examples of integrated electronics
MP3 player built into a jacket
sensors on clothes that monitor heart rate
Using a nylon and cotton weave in a jacket
Perfect binding
I want to make a jacket with a built-in MP3 player. Suggest a material I could use for the switch
Quantum tunnelling composite
Thermochromic materials
Shape memory alloy
Cornstarch polymer
Precious metal clay
What would be the advantage of using [the material you selected in Q102] for a jacket?
Machine washable so can be permanently attached to the product
Efficient
It's a polymer so won't rust
Veneer-proof
Composites are stronger than alloys
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