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Higher Nervous Functions- Physiology- 2nd Year- PMU

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Higher Nervous Functions- Physiology- 2nd Year- PMU

Question 1 of 22

1

Regarding the function of the cerebral hemispheres:

Select one of the following:

  • the parietal lobes are involved in pain perceptions

  • the frontal areas are involved in auditory perception

  • damage to the temporal lobes can cause failure of object recognition

  • the right parietal lobe is important for speech comprehension

  • a, and b

Explanation

Question 2 of 22

1

Regarding speech:

Select one of the following:

  • In left-handed people the faculty of speech is mainly located in the right hemisphere

  • Individuals affected by Broca’s aphasia are able to speak only with difficulty

  • In right-handed people the faculty of speech is mainly located in the left hemisphere

  • An individual with Broca’s aphasia will have paralysis of the lips and tongue

  • Wernike’s aphasia results from damage to the frontal speech area

Explanation

Question 3 of 22

1

Regarding the electroencephalogram (EEG):

Select one of the following:

  • the normal EEG of an awake person is dominated by alpha waves

  • during deep sleep the EEG is always dominated by delta waves

  • the presence of theta waves in the EEG of an awake child is indicative of cerebral pathology

  • the EEG can be used to monitor the bioelectrical activity of the brain

  • none of the above

Explanation

Question 4 of 22

1

Regarding sleep:

Select one of the following:

  • reflects the intrinsic circadian rhythm of the brain

  • slow wave sleep is associated with rapid eye movements

  • young adults need less sleep than elderly individuals

  • during normal sleep the secretion of growth hormone is decreased

  • women need less sleep than men

Explanation

Question 5 of 22

1

The dorsal column of the spinal cord conveys the following sensations:

Select one of the following:

  • pain

  • temperature

  • vibration

  • propioception

  • c and d

Explanation

Question 6 of 22

1

What regions of the brain are involved in emotional reactions?

Select one of the following:

  • hypothalamus

  • cerebral cortex

  • thalamus

  • limbic system

  • a and d

Explanation

Question 7 of 22

1

At what level the section of the spinal cord causes sudden death?

Select one of the following:

  • I thoracic segment

  • I-II cervical segment

  • IV lumbar segment

  • VIII thoracic segment

  • I lumbar segment

Explanation

Question 8 of 22

1

Which are the functions of the brain stem?

Select one of the following:

  • control of respiration

  • control of cardiovascular system

  • control of gastrointestinal system

  • control of micturition

  • a, b and c

Explanation

Question 9 of 22

1

The primary motor cortex, Broca's area, and the premotor area are located in which lobe?

Select one of the following:

  • frontal

  • parietal

  • temporal

  • occipital

  • prefrontal

Explanation

Question 10 of 22

1

The medulla oblongata has centers for the following:

Select one of the following:

  • vasomotor

  • respiratory

  • emesis and coughing

  • sneezing

  • all of the above

Explanation

Question 11 of 22

1

Lesions of which of the following nuclei cause hypothalamic obesity:

Select one of the following:

  • ventromedial nucleus

  • dorsomedial nucleus

  • suprachiasmatic nucleus

  • supraoptic nucleus

  • paraventricular nucleus

Explanation

Question 12 of 22

1

Loss of fear and emotion is often observed in the lesion at:

Select one of the following:

  • septal nucleus

  • thalamus

  • amygdaloidal nucleus

  • sensory cortex

  • basal ganglia

Explanation

Question 13 of 22

1

The Renshaw cells:

Select one of the following:

  • receive recurrent collaterals from motor neurons and inhibit other motor neurons in the vicinity

  • represent the inhibitory system of cerebellum

  • are a major component of muscle spindle

  • are present in retina

  • are present in the basal ganglia

Explanation

Question 14 of 22

1

Promoter cortex refers to:

Select one of the following:

  • some areas anterior to primary motor cortex causing complex coordinate movements like speech, eye movements

  • an area of motor cortex responsible for voluntary movements

  • an area in temporal cortex

  • an area of cerebellum

  • c and d

Explanation

Question 15 of 22

1

Functions of limbic system are all following EXCEPT:

Select one of the following:

  • olfaction

  • gustation

  • feeding behaviour

  • sexual behaviour

  • vision

Explanation

Question 16 of 22

1

REM is:

Select one of the following:

  • characterized by delta waves on EEG

  • a sound and dreamless sleep

  • characterized by total lack of muscular activity

  • referred to as paradoxical sleep

  • characterized by alpha waves on ECG

Explanation

Question 17 of 22

1

Sleep deprivation:

Select one of the following:

  • can cause psychotic episodes

  • is associated with sluggishness of thoughts

  • makes a person more alert

  • has no effect on the individual

  • can cause reduction in arterial pressure

Explanation

Question 18 of 22

1

The naked nerve endings are responsible for the sensation of:

Select one of the following:

  • pain

  • touch

  • hearing

  • vision

  • olfaction

Explanation

Question 19 of 22

1

In a healthy adult sitting with eyes closed the EEG rhythm registered with electrodes on the occipital lobes is:

Select one of the following:

  • alpha rhythm

  • theta rhythm

  • delta rhythm

  • beta rhythm

  • delta, followed by beta episodes

Explanation

Question 20 of 22

1

The basal ganglia are primarily concerned with:

Select one of the following:

  • sensory integration

  • short term memory

  • central of movement

  • neuroendocrine control

  • control of body temperature

Explanation

Question 21 of 22

1

Lesions of which of the following hypothalamic nuclei cause loss of circadian rhythm

Select one of the following:

  • ventromedial

  • dorsomedial

  • suprachiasmatic

  • supraoptic

  • paraventricular

Explanation

Question 22 of 22

1

Human circadian (24-hour) rhythms:

Select one of the following:

  • are triggered totally by external (exogenous) factors

  • depend more on the integrity of the cerebral cortex than of the hypothalamus

  • adapt within 48 hours on changing from day to night shift work

  • for melatonin secretion produce high night-time and low day-time levels of the hormone

  • for the eosinophil count produce peak values around midday

Explanation

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