Module B: Speeches (The Rhetorical Triangle)

The Rhetorical Triangle: SpeechesLogos: The appeal to reason Consistency and clarity to the logic of reasons Cause and effect Deductive reasoning from principles Inductive reasoning from experience Contradictions Ethos: The persuasive appeal of one’s character Credibility through tone and style Persuasion through credibility Trustworthiness Similarity with audience and their values Special/expert knowledge Pathos: The appeal to emotion Grabs people’s emotions by manipulating listeners with a combination of concrete information and emotive examples, or phraseology. Appeals to negative emotions (fear, discrimination, revenge) Appeals to positive emotions (love, charity, brotherhood, justice) Use of figurative speech (metaphors, rhetorical questions, parallelism) Construction: Introduction (drawing the initial interest) Narration (defines the problem) Confirmation (details about the arguments) Refutation (addresses counter arguments and considers the audience) Conclusion (satisfying close)

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