18344260
Descripción
Test por Natasha Woods, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por Natasha Woods
hace casi 5 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
Which micro-organisms are the most common cause of infectious endocarditis:
Respuesta
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Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aerigunosa, Citrobacter spp.
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Bartonella, Brucella, Coxiella
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staphylococci, Candida albicans, Aspergillus fumigatus
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Group A streptococci, Staphylococci aureus - MRSA, Escherichia coli
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Viridans streptococci, staphylococci, enterococci, bacteria group Haček
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The infective endocarditis is characterized by:
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vegetation often occurs at the point where the pressure is higher (at the chamber side of the mitral valve, the aortic side of the aortic valve)
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mature vegetation consisting of cardiomyocytes, fibroblasts, and inflammatory cells of the bacterium
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cerebral embolism may occur in more than 2/3 of patients
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the native Valve is a frequent obstruction due to vegetation
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Endocarditis is reflected by vegetation on the valves, abscesses in the field of valves and valve perforation
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
What are the main clinical diagnostic criteria for infective endocarditis (under the scheme Duke):
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Ultrasound evidence of endocardial involvement (vegetation, abscess)
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Oslerjevi nodules
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positive blood culture
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major arterial embolism
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artificial cardiac valve
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Typical laboratory findings in infectious endocarditis are:
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Leukocytopenia
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microscopic hematuria
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erythrocyte sedimentation rate slowed
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elevated CRP
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Janeway lesions
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Infectious endocarditis caused by streptococcus viridans treated:
Respuesta
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penicillin G intravenously for 4 weeks; the first 14 days an additional aminoglycoside
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with azithromycin, 5 days orally
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with a combination of ampksicilin / clavulanic acid, for 14 days orally
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with a combination of ampksicilin / clavulanic acid, for 14 days intravenously
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penicillin G intravenously in combination with an aminoglycoside, for 14 days
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
In the case where the surgery is at risk patients require antibiotic prophylaxis against infective endocarditis:
Respuesta
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dental surgery on gums
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liver biopsy
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coronary angiography
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drainage of abscess
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tonsillectomy
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
What is the recommended antibiotic scheme for prevention of infectious endocarditis in high-risk surgery:
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amoxicillin 2 g orally 1 hour prior to surgery
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amoxicillin 1 g intravenously 3g before and 3 hours after the procedure
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amoxicillin + clavulanate 1g 1g before and 12 hours after surgery
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azithromycin 500 mg 1 day before and 2 days after surgery
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imipenem 500 mg intravenously during surgery
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
What is characteristic of rheumatic fever:
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is the result of direct damage to the heart due to the toxin secreted by betahemolitični group A streptococci
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rheumatoid arthritis treated with high-dose acetylsalicylic acid
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rheumatoid carditis treated with steroids
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the acute phase is characterized by a migratory polyarthritis
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only affects endocardial
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The most common cause of infectious endocarditis are:
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Gram-positive cocci
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intracellular bacteria
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kardiotropni viruses
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fungi
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gram-negative bacilli
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Circle the correct arguments, valid for infective endocarditis:
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by transthoracic ultrasound of the heart may be with full confidence exclude infective endocarditis
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where in the context of infectious endocarditis affected aorta valve is needed as soon as possible surgical valve replacement
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the treatment with antibiotics is required at least 4 weeks
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endocarditis can not cause valve regurgitation
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streptococcal endocarditis treated with monotherapy with aminoglycosides
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
Select operations which is for people who have a history of endocarditis requires antibiotic protection:
Respuesta
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cleaning of tartar
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the insertion of a central venous catheter
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tonsillectomy
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tooth extraction
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abscess incision
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
The vegetation in infectious endocarditis occurring:
Respuesta
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For healthy and more frequently, the modified native Valve
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The valve prosthesis
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Only the previously modified Valve
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On the atrial side of the mitral valve and aortic valve chamber side
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At the site of the defect in the heart, where the pressure is lower
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
Echocardiography "major" criteria for infective endocarditis are:
Respuesta
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Prior rheumatic valvular defects
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The emergence of new valvular regurgitation in native or prosthetic valves
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Oscillating weight in subvalvular appliance valve
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Oscillating weight at shutter
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Prior infectious endocarditis
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
antibiotic protection against endocarditis against tampering with the possible bacteremia is needed:
Respuesta
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In all patients who have ever had an operation on the heart
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In all patients with prosthetic valves
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In all patients with aortic and / or mitral heart defect
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In patients after surgical revascularization of the heart
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Only patients who have a history of endocarditis
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