1930916
Descripción
Test por vladimir.spach, actualizado hace más de 1 año
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Creado por vladimir.spach
hace más de 9 años
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Pregunta 1
Pregunta
In which of Charles Darwin’s books, did he predict through the new science of psychology “Light will be thrown on man and his history?”
Respuesta
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The Selfish Gene
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Principles of Psychology
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On the Origins of the Species
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How the Mind Works
Pregunta 2
Pregunta
The early roots of psychology are firmly planted in philosophy and:
Respuesta
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anatomy.
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logic.
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dualism.
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physiology.
Pregunta 3
Pregunta
Historians generally credit the official emergence of psychology as a science to:
Respuesta
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Broca.
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Helmholtz.
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Wundt.
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Titchener.
Pregunta 4
Pregunta
Why are mindbugs interesting to psychologists?
Respuesta
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they reveal ways in which minds are constrained to process information
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they explain why humans are so poor at reasoning
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they can be used to understand human development
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they reveal the physiological structures of the brain
Pregunta 5
Pregunta
Ivan Pavlov, a Russian physiologist, is best known for his:
Respuesta
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experiments with salivating dogs.
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experiments with head-bobbing pigeons.
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work with clinically depressed clients.
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experiments with rats and mazes.
Pregunta 6
Pregunta
A school teacher gives yellow smiley faces for good work in the hopes of encouraging the children to do their best. According to principles of reinforcement, smiley faces would be:
Respuesta
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positive reinforcement.
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stimuli.
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reactionary agents.
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negative reinforcement.
Pregunta 7
Pregunta
Dr. Rowe studies what makes adolescents conform to the behaviors and opinions of other adolescents. Which area of psychology does her research best represent?
Respuesta
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cognitive psychology
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clinical psychology
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social psychology
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cultural psychology
Pregunta 8
Pregunta
Nurture is to nature as experience is to:
Respuesta
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adaptation.
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nativism.
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behaviorism.
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phrenology.
Pregunta 9
Pregunta
The first laboratory devoted exclusively to psychology as an independent field of study opened in:
Respuesta
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Berlin in 1879.
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Berlin in 1889.
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Leipzig in 1889.
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Leipzig in 1879.
Pregunta 10
Pregunta
Which school of psychology was most concerned with the adaptive importance of mental processes?
Respuesta
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structuralism
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behaviorism
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functionalism
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empiricism.
Pregunta 11
Pregunta
The branch of psychology that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings is called:
Respuesta
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humanistic psychology.
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Gestalt psychology.
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cognitive psychology.
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idealistic psychology.
Pregunta 12
Pregunta
Which psychologists insisted that psychology focus entirely on the study of behavior—what people do—rather than what people experience?
Respuesta
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functionalists
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behaviorists
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structuralists
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Gestalt psychologists
Pregunta 13
Pregunta
The advent of in the 1950s had an enormous conceptual impact on the development of cognitive psychology.
Respuesta
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statistical programming
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stimulus-response
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conditioning
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computers
Pregunta 14
Pregunta
Aristotle is to philosophical empiricism as Plato is to:
Respuesta
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philosophical structuralism.
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nativism.
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phrenology.
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physiology.
Pregunta 15
Pregunta
Which of the following people used the method of introspection to scientifically focus on basic elements of the mind?
Respuesta
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Wilhelm Wundt
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William James
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John Watson
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René Descartes
Pregunta 16
Pregunta
When his parents put him in his car seat and start up the truck, 2-year-old Mark almost immediately goes to sleep. The sound of the truck engine is a:
Respuesta
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response.
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stimulus.
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reinforcement.
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reactionary agent.
Pregunta 17
Pregunta
All of the following were cognitive psychologists EXCEPT:
Respuesta
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Sir Frederic Bartlett.
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Jean Piaget.
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Kurt Lewin.
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William James.
Pregunta 18
Pregunta
All of the following contributed to the rise of cognitive neuroscience EXCEPT:
Respuesta
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the development of noninvasive brain-scanning techniques.
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increased use of introspection techniques.
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the advent of PET scans.
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the use of MRI scanners.
Pregunta 19
Pregunta
Dr. Coblentz believes that most women prefer to choose young, physically healthy men for their life partners because this boosts their chances for producing healthy offspring. This outlook illustrates the perspective.
Respuesta
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cultural
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evolutionary
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behavioral
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developmental
Pregunta 20
Pregunta
What kind of psychologist is most likely to be working in a prison environment?
Respuesta
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educational
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health
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forensic
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occupational
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