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Is a mathematical technique used to validate the authenticity and integrity of a message, software, or digital document.

Is a certificate issued by a CA to verify the identity of the certificate holder.

Is any author identification and verification mechanism used in an electronic system.

is a certificate issued by a CA to verify the identity of the certificate holder.

Is a document that uses a digital signature to bind together a public key with an identity

Must remain confidential to its respective owner.

It is made available to everyone via a publicly accessible repository or directory.

It is basically an encrypted hash of the message.