Business Chapter 9-13

Pregunta	Respuesta
Finance	Functional area of business that is concerned with finding the best sources and uses of financial capital
Financial Capital	Funds a firm uses to acquire its assets and finance its operations
Ratios	Liquidity- obtains cash to pay short-term debt LEVERAGE- extent to relying on debt financing Asset management- if a firm is using assets to generate revenue property Profitability- rate of return on investments
Short-term Financing	Trade-credit- no immediate payment after delivering goods to customer Factor- provides finance by purchasing accounts receivables at a discount Line of credit- bank approves credit up to limit (arrangement between firm and bank)
Net present Value NPV	Present values minus the cost of investment
Depository institutions	Obtains funds by savings and checking deposits and then lends funds to borrowers
Credit unions	Owned by its depositors
Savings and loan associations	makes money by accepting savings deposits from mortgage loans
Nondepository institutions	1. Securities brokers- agent for buying and selling stock 2. Securities dealers- handles markets and buying and selling stocks 3. investment banks- helps firms raise capital by issuing securities in primary markets 4. Primary securities market- newly issued securities
Public offering	offered to anyone
private placement	Between corporation and investors
Secondary securities market	Previous issues are traded -Stock exchange- venue for trading stocks - OTC- over the counter market- unlisted stocks are traded -Electronic communications network- computerized system that matches buyers and sellers in order to trade stocks
Utility	ability of goods and services to satisfy: - Form utility -Time utility -Place utility -Ownership utility- transfers ownership of good from seller to buyer.
Market segmentation-	Dividing potential customers into groups of similar people
Target Market	Targeted customers
Consumer marketers (B2C)	towards people who buy products for personal consumption
Business product marketers	towards people who buy products in order to make other products
Consumer market segmentation	Demographic Geographic Psychographic Behavioral
Diffusion Rate	How well and quickly consumers accept products
Integrated marketing communication	broad message to every seller of a product to have a unified impression
Positioning statement	How a business will set itself apart
Public relations	Positive relationships with firm's public
Direct Chanel	links producer to consumer directly
Channel Intermediaries	facilitate movement of products from the producer to the consumer
Independent wholesaling businesses	buy products from different businesses and sell those products to different customers
Supply Chain	All organizations and processes involved in the flow of goods from he raw materials to the final consumer
Odd Pricing	ending prices in numbers below even dollars and cents in order to create a perception of greater value

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