Close Relationships

Pregunta	Respuesta
Evolutionary fitness	Potential to pass on your genes and survive to mating years.
Polygamy	Several members of one sex mating with one individual.
Polygyny	Several females mate with one male - 90%.
Polyandry	Males with one female
Monogamy	Partnership based on a permanent tie.
Sexual choosiness	Sex which bears the most reproductive costs = choosier
Sexual dimorphism	Pronounced difference in the structures of two sexes.
Biological basis of monogamy	Co-occurence of oxytocin and dopamine in nucleus accumbens.
Oxytocin	Attachment hormone
Dopamine	Reward neurotransmitter
Sociometer theory	Self esteem is a gauge of interpersonal relationships.
Harlow's monkeys	Monkeys that were socially isolated.
Attachment theory	How infants become emotionally attached to caregivers.
Imprinting	Basic form of attachment bond, occurs shortly after birth.
Adult attachment	Use partner for support, proximity and as a secure base.
Attachment styles	Think of attachment in two dimensions: attachment avoidance and attachment anxiety.
Secure attachment	Believes in love, caregivers are responsive and caring.
Anxious ambivalent	Preoccupying, exciting struggle to merge with someone else. They have a mix of positive and negative experiences of caregivers.
Avoidant	Fear of closeness, self is independent. Caregivers are cold and rejecting.
Self expansion theory	Information about close others is closely associated with self information - inclusion of other in self.
Interdependant theory/investment model	Components of commitment are: satisfaction, quality of alternatives and resource investment.
Commitment	= high satisfaction + low quality of alternatives + high resource investment.
Reward/cost ratio	Ratio of positive to negative feedback that partners give in a relationship
Companionate love	Feelings of intimacy and affection, without sexual arousal.
Passionate love	Feelings of intense longing for a person with physiological arousal.
Positive illusions	Idealization of close others, seeing them as more positive as they see themselves.
Cooperative dilemmas	When one partner behaves destructively, it is better to focus on long term goals instead of short term self serving goals.
What couples do well	Married after 20, 2 parent homes, did not live together and have sex often.
Novel experiences	Sharing new experiences together and exploration of environment with partner as secure base.
Why relationships fail	Low equity, lack of positive illusions, low interdependance.
Neurochemical basis of rejection	Neurological experience of physical pain - anterior cingulate cortex and right ventral prefrontal cortex.

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	Creado por andreaarose hace más de 10 años