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Mapa mental

Leila has a Pain in the Arm

Abdelrahman Nouh Inglés

Contenido del mapa

Leila has a Pain in the Arm

  1. demography

    • name: Leila
      • clinical presentation
        • facial expressions
        • tenderness
        • restlessness
        • Moaning, groaning or whimpering
      • diagnosis
    • age: 70 years old
  2. Physiology of pain

    • transduction
      • transmission
        • to the brain
          • spinothalamic tract
        • perception
          • modulation
            • gate control theory
            • stimulation produced analgesia
              • by releasing enkephalins
      • through pain receptors
  3. treatment of pain

    • analgesics
      • opioids/narcotics
      • NSAIDs
      • acetaminophen
  4. Anatomy of the forearm

    • Nerves
      • median
        • All the muscles of the anterior compartment except flexor carpi ulnaris and the 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus supplied by ulnar nerve
      • radial
        • branch
          • posterior interosseous
            • supplies
              • All muscles of posterior compartment except the 3 supplied by radial
        • supplies
          • brachioradialis
          • ECRL
          • anconeus
      • ulnar
        • supplies
          • flexor carpi ulnaris
          • 1/2 of flexor digitorum profundus
    • muscles
      • anterior compartment
        • superficial
          • pronator teres
          • flexor carpi radialis
          • plamaris longus
          • flexor carpi ulnaris
        • intermediate
          • flexor digitorum superficialis
        • deep
          • flexor policis longus
          • flexor digitorum profundus
      • posterior compartment
        • superficial
          • ECRB
          • ECRL
          • Anconeus
          • brachioradialis
          • extensor carpi ulnaris
          • extensor digiti minimi
          • extensor digitorum
        • deep
          • extensor indices
          • supinator
          • abductor policis longus
          • extensor policis longus
            • tendons of these muscles are the borders of the anatomical snuff box
          • extensor policos brevis
  5. Types of pain

    • according to
      • onset
        • chronic
        • acute
      • reason
        • tension
        • psychological
        • pathological
      • description
        • pins and needles sensation
        • throbbing
        • stabbing
        • pressure
        • colic
        • electrical
        • burning
        • pricking
      • origin
        • visceral
          • pain coming from internal organs
            • can refer to certain areas in the skin
              • dermatomes
                • area of the skin supplied by a single spinal nerve
                  • C1 is an exception with no dermatome
        • somatic
          • pain coming from
            • muscles
            • skin
            • soft tissues
  6. possible causes of pain

    • nerve injury
      • due to different causes
        • disease
          • diabetes
        • compression due to trauma
        • trauma
        • infection
          • microorganisms affecting nerves
            • rabies
            • mycobacterium laprae
            • herpes
            • varicella zoster
              • will cause
                • shingles
                  • complications
                    • vision loss
                    • postherpetic neuralgia
                    • skin infections
                    • neurological problems
                  • cause
                    • not completely clear
                      • mostly due to weakened immunity and old age
                  • symptoms
                    • itching
                    • Pain,numbness,burning
                    • Sensitivity to touch
                    • Blisters
                    • Red rash few days after pain
                  • treatment
                    • no cure
                    • antivirals to prevent complications
                      • valacyclovir
                      • acyclovir
                    • analgesics to relieve the pain
    • tissue injury
      • Pain is caused by activation of pain receptors
      • soft tissue injury
        • ligaments
        • tendons
        • muscles
        • organs and skin
      • bone injury

Información

Descripción
Mapa Mental sobre Leila has a Pain in the Arm, creado por Abdelrahman Nouh el 18/02/2019.
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