THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

1. The basic purpose is to coordinate all of the activities of the body.

   • Body response
   • Adaptation

2. The central nervous system

   • The Brain
     • Cerebellum
       • Located
         • In the back of the head below the cerebrum and above the 1st cervical of the neck
       • Responsible for
         • Balance
         • Porture
         • Muscle coordination
         • Muscle tone
     • Midbrain
       • Located
         • Below the Cerebrum at the top of the brainstem
       • Responsible for
         • Reflexes.
           • auditory
           • Eye
     • Pons
       • Located
         • Below the midbrain and in the brainstem
       • Reflex actions
         • Chewing
         • Tasting
         • Saliva production
     • Cerebrum
       • The largest section
       • Two major hemispheres
         • Right
         • Left
       • Four lobes
         • Frontal
           • Reasoning
           • Thought
         • Parietal
           • Integrating sensory information.
         • Temporal
           • Processing auditory information from the ears.
         • Occipital
           • Processing visual information from the eyes.
     • Medulla Oblongata
       • It’s the lowest part of the brain stem
       • It connects with the spinal cord
       • Responsible for
         • Regulating heart and blood vessel function,
         • Digestion
         • Respiration
         • Swallowing
         • Coughing
         • Sneezing
         • Blood pressure
       • Center for respiration.
     • Diencephalon
       • Located
         • Found between the Cerebrum and midbrain.
       • It contains two structures
         • The thalamus
           • Relay station
           • Directs sensory impulses to the Cerebrum
         • The hypothalamus
           • Controls and regulates
             • Temperature
             • Appetite
             • Water balance
             • Sleep
             • Blood vessel constriction and dilation
           • Emotions
             • Anger
             • Fear
             • Pleasure
             • Pain
             • Affection.
   • The Spinal Cord
     • is the link between the brain and the nerves in the rest of your body
     • Four different regions
       • Nerves cervical
       • Nerves thoracic
       • Nerves lumbar
       • Nerves afferent and efferent
         • The afferent spinal nerves are responsible for carrying information from the body to the brain.
         • The efferent spinal nerves are responsible for carrying information from the brain to the body.

3. The peripheral nervous system

   • The Somatic system
     • Responnsable for
       • Carrying motor and sensory information both to and from the CNS
       • Nearly all voluntary muscle movements
       • Processing sensory information that arrives via external stimuli
         • Hearing,
         • Touch
         • Sight
       • Structures that allow this communication to happen between the nerves throughout the body and the CNS
         • Afferent sensory neurons
         • Efferent Motor Neurons.
     • Made up of nerves that connect to
       • skin
       • Sensory organs
       • Skeletal muscles
   • Autonomic System
     • Sympathetic system
       • Vital to our survival
       • Revs up the body
         • Defend
         • Escape the threat.
     • Parasympathetic system
       • Is the counterbalance to the sympathetic response to danger
         • Real
         • Imagined
       • Once the threat has disappeared, all body systems return to normal.

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