The Liquid Part of the Earth

Nota:

• The water vapour condensed from the volcanic activity slowly cooled down and created the oceans

1. Properties of Water
   1. Good solvent
   2. High Thermal Capacity
   3. Maximum density as a liquid

Nota:

• Describes the continuous movement of water on, above and below the surface of the Earth. The mass of water on Earth remains fairly constant over time but the partitioning of the water into the major reservoirs of ice, fresh water, saline water and atmospheric water is variable depending on a wide range of climatic variables. The water moves from one reservoir to another, such as from river to ocean, or from the ocean to the atmosphere, by the physical processes of evaporation, condensation, precipitation, infiltration, runoff, and subsurface flow. In doing so, the water goes through different phases: liquid, solid (ice), and gas (vapor).

1. Evaporation/vaporisation

   Nota:

   • Changes from liquid to gas
2. Transpiration
3. Condensation

   Nota:

   • Water changes from gas to liquid
4. Precipitation
5. Water Cycle and Climate

   Nota:

   • Climate is a measure of the average pattern of variation in temperature, humidity, atmospheric pressure, wind, precipitation, atmospheric particle count and other meteorological variables in a given region over long periods of time.
   • The water cycle involves the exchange of energy, which leads to temperature changes. For instance, when water evaporates, it takes up energy from its surroundings and cools the environment. When it condenses, it releases energy and warms the environment. These heat exchanges influence climate.
6. Water Cycle and Landscape

   Nota:

   • The shape od relief depends on the water cycle.

Nota:

• Freshwater can be found in the form of: Rivers and Torrents. Glaciers Lakes and Pools Groundwater

Nota:

• Porpouses: agricultural, livestock, domestic, commercial and industrial. Reservoires: wells, desalination.. Quality: 1.- purification process 2.- Wastewater (sewage) treatment.

1. Water and Health
2. Saving Water