DNA:

1. DNA
2. RNA
3. Structure
   1. Phosphate
   2. Nitrogenous Bases
      1. Guanine
      2. Adenine
      3. Thymine
      4. Cytocine
   3. 5 Carbon Sugar

Nota:

• Leading: 5-3 strand Lagging: 3-5 strand

1. Griffith

   Nota:

   • Fredrick Griffith-   Created an experiment that studied two strains of bacteria that saw the transformation of one to another. 
2. Avery

   Nota:

   •  Built an experiment based off of Grifith's and identified the macromolicules in the bacteria. He concluded that DNA was releseased 
3. Hershey and Chase

   Nota:

   • In 1952 Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase published difinitive proof that DNA is the genetic material

Nota:

• Parental Strands of DNA separate and serve as templates and produce DNA molecules that have one strand of parental DNA and one strand of new DNA

1. Unwinding
   1. Enzyme DNA Helicase

      Nota:

      • The enzyme DNA helicase unwinds the double helix and breaks the hydrogen bonds
      1. Single Stranded Binding Protiens
         1. RNA Primase

            Nota:

            • Adds short segments of RNA, called RNA primer to each strand
            1. RNA Primer
2. RNA Polymerase

   Nota:

   • An enzyme that catalyzes the addition of appropraite nucleotides to new the DNA strand
   1. Okazaki Fragments

      Nota:

      • The lagging strand is synthesized discontinuously into small segments by the polymerase in the 3'-5' direction