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Lesson 1: Introduction
Descripción
Covers: - Basic Introduction to Earth Science - Branches of Earth Science - Observations and Measurements - Exponential Notation - Observations and Inferences - Percent Deviation - Types of Graphs
Sin etiquetas
introduction
earth science
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Lesson 1: Introduction
Observations and Measurements
Observations - information received from any of our five senses
Instruments - used to extend our senses
Measurements - observations made using and instrument
U.S. Customary Measures (Standard System):
Length: Inch, Foot, Mile
Mass: Ounce, Pound, Ton
Time: Seconds, Minutes, Hours
Temperature: Degrees Fahrenheit
International System of Units (Metric System):
Length: Meters
Mass: Grams
Time: Seconds, Minutes, Hours
Temperature: Kelvin, Degrees Celcius
Metric Prefixes:
Milli, Centi, Deci, Unit, Deca, Hecta, Kilo
Earth Science - the study of our planet, its changing systems and its place in the universe
Geology - the study of rock materials and how the solid Earth changes
Meteorology - the study of the changing conditions of Earth's atmosphere
Astronomy - the study of Earth's mostions and the nature of other objects in space
Exponential Notation
M * 10^n
Let M = a number from greater or equal to 1 and less than 10
Let 10^n = any power of 10
Observations and Inferences
Inferences - conclusions drawn from observations
Based on a wide range of observations = Reliable
Percent Deviation
Percent Deviation (Percent Error) - a convenient way of comparing a measurement to the commonly accepted value for that measurement
Deviation (%) = [(difference from accepted value) / (accepted value)] * 100
Types of Graphs
Line Graph
Based on a coordinate system
Set up on a vertical (Y) axis and a horizontal (X) axis
Y axis - Dependent Variable
X axis - Independent Variable
Pie (Circle) Graph
Used to show how an entire quantity is divided into several parts
shows the comparison for each part
Bar Graph
Used to show data that is not continuous
Set up on a vertical (Y) axis and a horizontal (X) axis
X axis - Independent Variable
Y axis - Dependent Variable
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