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A child with a stiff neck

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Mapa Mental sobre A child with a stiff neck, creado por Rahaf Fouad el 13/09/2021.
Rahaf Fouad
Mapa Mental por Rahaf Fouad, actualizado hace más de 1 año
Rahaf Fouad
Creado por Rahaf Fouad hace alrededor de 5 años
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Resumen del Recurso

A child with a stiff neck
  1. Anatomy
    1. skull
      1. meninges
        1. ventricular system
          1. is a set of four interconnected cavities known as cerebral ventricles in the brain
            1. Within each ventricle is a region of choroid plexus
              1. which produces the circulating
                1. cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
                  1. CSF INTERPRETATION
                    1. WBC LEVELS
                      1. Increased
                        1. polymorphs (nuetrophils)
                          1. lymphocytes
          2. meningitis
            1. is an inflammation (swelling) of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord
              1. infectious
                1. bacterial
                  1. Streptococcus pneumoniae
                    1. Neisseria meningitidis
                      1. Haemophilus influenzae
                        1. Listeria monocytogenes
                        2. viral
                          1. Enterovirus
                            1. Echovirus
                            2. fungal
                              1. mostly affects people with immune deficiencies
                            3. non-infectious
                              1. due to injury \cancer\drugs
                              2. signs & symptoms
                                1. headache
                                  1. fever
                                    1. neck stiffness
                                      1. photophobia
                                        1. vomiting
                                          1. physiology of vomiting
                                            1. Types
                                              1. projectile
                                                1. gastric outlet obstruction
                                                2. non-projectile
                                            2. Investigation
                                              1. physical examination
                                                1. Kernig's sign
                                                  1. brudzinski sign
                                                  2. lumbar puncture
                                                    1. Is where a thin needle is inserted between the bones in the lower spine.
                                                      1. in infants : L4-L5 interspace
                                                        1. on adult : L3-L4 interspace
                                                        2. indications
                                                          1. diagnostic
                                                            1. therapeutic
                                                              1. anesthetic
                                                              2. contraindication
                                                                1. increased intercranial pressure
                                                                  1. skin infections at the level of insertion
                                                                  2. complications
                                                                    1. back pain
                                                                      1. hemorrhage
                                                                  3. Management
                                                                    1. Newborn
                                                                      1. Ampicillin + 3ed generation cephalosporin + aminoglycoside
                                                                      2. Adult
                                                                        1. Vancomycin + 3ed generation cephalosporin
                                                                        2. Elderly
                                                                          1. Ampicillin + Vancomycin + 3ed generation cephalosporin
                                                                      3. isolation methods
                                                                        1. there are three categories of Transmission-Based Precautions
                                                                          1. Airborne Precautions
                                                                            1. Droplet Precautions
                                                                              1. Contact Precautions

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