BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES

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BIOLOGY UNIT 1
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BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES
  1. RESPIRATION
    1. CELLULAR RESPIRATION
      1. OCCURS IN AUTOTROPHS & HETEROTROPHS
        1. USES
          1. cell division
            1. repair
              1. movement
                1. active transport
                2. ENERGY IN ORGANIC MOLECULES --------> ENERGY IN ATP = CELLULAR ENERGY
                  1. ATP = adenosine triphosphate
                    1. a temporary store in the cell
                    2. ADP = adenosine diphosphate
                      1. ADP + Pi = ATP (energy stored)
                        1. ATP = ADP + Pi (energy released)
                      2. AEROBIC RESPIRATION
                        1. WITH OXYGEN
                          1. C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 36ADP + 36Pi = 6CO2 + 6H2O + 36ATP
                          2. ANAEROBIC RESPIRATION
                            1. WITHOUT OXYGEN
                              1. IN PLANTS: GLUCOSE = ALCOHOL + CO2 + 2ATP
                                1. IN ANIMALS: GLUCOSE = LACTIC ACID + 2ATP
                              2. PHOTOSYNTHESIS
                                1. LIGHT ENERGY = CHEMICAL ENERGY IN ORGANIC MOLECULES
                                  1. 6CO2 + 12H20 ------> C6H12O6 + 6O2 + 6H20
                                  2. PLANT STRUCTURES
                                    1. LEAVES
                                      1. flat and thin to increase SA:V ratio
                                      2. STEMS
                                        1. allow transport of water, ions & sugars via active transport
                                        2. ROOTS
                                          1. take in minerals & ions
                                          2. CHLOROPLASTS
                                            1. an organelle where photosynthesis occurs
                                              1. have outer membrane and inner membranes called grana
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