Emotion and motivation

Emotion and motivation

1. COGNITIVE

   • Goal setting theory
   • Self determination theory

2. BEHAVIOURIST

   • Drive Reduction
     • Primary drive - Innate biological hungry thirst
     • Secondary Drives - drives learnt though classical conditioning

3. EVOLUTIONARY

   • inclusive fitness selected
     • reproduction sexual motive
     • care of parental and genetically related individuals
     • forming alliances

4. Humanistic

   • Maslows heiaracy
   • ERG Theory
     • Motivation= Existence. Relatedness. Growth

5. biological

   • Nervous system- all nervous tissue in body
     • Neuron - a cell of the nervous system
       • Neurotransmitters- chemicals that regulate communication between neurons
         • neuroanatomy
           • Cerebrum - large recent evolved- majority of brain
             • cerebal cortex - outer layer or cerebrum- complex cognitive fuction
               • hemisphere of cortext - left and right
                 • Limbric system - loop brain structure beneath cerembum & above central core - INCLUDES and more
                   • Amygdala
                   • Septum
                   • Hippocampus
                 • Thalamus -central brain structure responsible for relaying sensory infomation
                   • Hypothalamus-small structure in central core responsible for regulatory and motivational functions
                     • Endocrine system - system of ductless glands,synthesis hormones & secrete into bloodstrean
                       • hormones- chemicals secreted into blood (via endocrine system). regulates range of internal motivational emotional responces
                         • Testoterone, estrogen, cortisol, insulin etc
                           • left hemisphere- plesant emotions/approach behaviour
                             • Right Hemisphere- unplesant emotions/ avoidant behav
                               • important social process
                                 • social comparison
                                   • adaption
                                     • we quickly take things for granted
                                       • we are happy to extent that situation is constanly improving
                                         • depression after lotto win
                                         • happiness after amputee
                                   • happiness depends on life outlook
                                     • we are happy to the extent that comparisons are favourable
                                   • Gap theorist explain- discrepancy between autual self and ideal self
                                   • positive psych - focus on the good/gratitude
           • Lobes -each with own function
             • Frontal
             • Temporal
             • parietal
             • occipital
     • Central Nervous system =Brain and spinal chord
     • Peripheral nervous system :comprised of
       • Somatic neurvous system- nerves running to & from sense organs and voluntary muscles
       • Autonomic Nervous system - Nerves running to & from Internal organs and glands
         • Symphatetic Division - gears the body for action
         • Parasympthetic division - handles routine function

6. 5 components of emotions

   • 1-Affective (subjective) feeling state of emotion
     • dimentions measured by Affect Intensity Measure
       • Pleasantness -(hendonic tone) happy, sad. pleased etc
         • Intensity- content, happy, ecstatic etc
           • Duration- surprised , depressed
             • Complexity - fear, grief, envy
     • 2- Physiological
       • Higher brain / cortext esp prefrontal (orbitofrontal) regions
       • Limbric system esp amygdala(stimulates emotional expression
         • amygdala-stimulates emotional expression
         • The septum-expresses emotional expression
       • Central Core - medulla -regulates autonomic facial expresions
         • Hypothalmus-recieves please/pain signals, regulates bodily responce
       • Autonomic Nervous system, more instantionious
         • Endocrine System - more sustained
         • cardiovascular, respiratory, ocular, salivary ect response
       • 3. perceptual/ cognitive.
         • Stimulus -> cog apprasial -> affect
           • snake->in a zoo -> currious/not scared
         • apraise environment and atribute aurosal
         • 4.Expressive
           • 8 main channels
             • physiological -trembling,sweating ect
               • Facial- mouth, lips,eyes eyebrows etc
                 • Postural- shoulder, head, lean etc
                   • gestural- fingers hands arms shoulders
                     • paralinguistic- voice quality rate pitch volume
                       • Verbal - spoken written
                         • behavioural-esp that outside consious control
                         • Seligman's 3 components of happiness
                           • The pleasant life
                             • The Engaged life
                               • The meaningful life
                                 • life spent using ones strengths & talents to belong to & serve 'something bigger'
                               • life full of engagment involvment and absorption in work, intimate relationships and leisure
                             • life of positive emotion- joy delight pride- hope about the present past & future
           • 5.Conative (motivational)
             • fear may induce retract behaviour
               • happiness and anger could result in approaching behaviour