Environmental Toxicology 1-3

Descripción

Covers general history, testing, and subtances
andrewmackrell25
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Resumen del Recurso

Environmental Toxicology 1-3
  1. focuses on synthetic and natural pollutants on ecosystems
    1. Silent Spring
      1. Chemical effects on ecosystems (DDT),
        1. North American environmental movement
      2. Paracelsus
        1. Dose makes the poison
          1. toxicon
          2. Environmental tragedies (Safety)
            1. Minamata, Japan: MeHg
              1. Kiev, Ukraine: Radioactive dust
                1. Bhopal, India: Methyl Isocyanate (MIC)
                2. Toxic Substances
                  1. Xenobiotic
                    1. Poison
                      1. Toxicant
                        1. Toxin
                          1. Efficacy (max)
                            1. Potency (range of increase)
                              1. Interactions
                                1. Additive
                                  1. Synergistic
                                    1. Antagonistic
                                  2. Exposure Tests
                                    1. Acute
                                      1. Lethal dose
                                        1. PROS: estimate toxicity, target organs
                                          1. CONS: expensive, animal use, ethics
                                        2. Subacute
                                          1. Subchronic
                                            1. LOAEL and NOAEL
                                            2. Chronic
                                              1. Best LOAEL and NOAEL
                                            3. General Toxicity
                                              1. Threshold vs. non-Threshold
                                                1. Essential nutrients
                                                  1. U-shaped (copper)
                                                  2. Hormesis
                                                    1. J-shaped (alcohol)
                                                    2. Placebo
                                                      1. Nocebo
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